Fatal cardiovascular disease outcomes: HRs from different Cox proportional hazards models for 38 355 Melbourne Collaborative Cohort Study subjects free of cardiovascular disease at baseline, with adjustment for individual risk factors
| Highest level of education attained | ||||||
| Completed tertiary* | Completed secondary† | Some secondary‡ | Primary only§ | Percentage reduction in excess risk¶ | p Value for trend across education levels | |
| Reference | HR (95% CI) | HR (95% CI) | HR (95% CI) | |||
| Baseline model** | 1.00 | 1.25 (0.88 to 1.77) | 1.21 (0.87 to 1.67) | 1.66 (1.10 to 2.49)†† | 0.041 | |
| Plus adjustment for: | ||||||
| Behavioural risk factors | ||||||
| Current smoking | 1.00 | 1.18 (0.83 to 1.67) | 1.11 (0.80 to 1.54) | 1.50 (1.00 to 2.24)†† | 24 | 0.127 |
| Fruit and vegetables | 1.00 | 1.23 (0.87 to 1.75) | 1.19 (0.86 to 1.65) | 1.64 (1.10 to 2.46)†† | 3 | 0.047 |
| Physical activity | 1.00 | 1.23 (0.86 to 1.74) | 1.17 (0.85 to 1.63) | 1.59 (1.06 to 2.39)†† | 11 | 0.067 |
| Alcohol intake | 1.00 | 1.24 (0.87 to 1.76) | 1.19 (0.86 to 1.65) | 1.62 (1.10 to 2.44)†† | 6 | 0.052 |
| Saturated fat intake | 1.00 | 1.25 (0.88 to 1.77) | 1.21 (0.87 to 1.67) | 1.66 (1.10 to 2.49)†† | 0 | 0.041 |
| Physiological risk factors | ||||||
| Waist circumference | 1.00 | 1.21 (0.85 to 1.71) | 1.15 (0.83 to 1.59) | 1.51 (1.00 to 2.27)†† | 23 | 0.116 |
| Systolic blood pressure | 1.00 | 1.18 (0.83 to 1.68) | 1.12 (0.81 to 1.55) | 1.52 (1.01 to 2.28)†† | 21 | 0.116 |
| Prior diabetes | 1.00 | 1.24 (0.87 to 1.75) | 1.19 (0.86 to 1.64) | 1.57 (1.04 to 2.36)†† | 14 | 0.077 |
| Total cholesterol | 1.00 | 1.24 (0.87 to 1.76) | 1.20 (0.86 to 1.66) | 1.65 (1.10 to 2.48)†† | 2 | 0.044 |