Variables | Baseline | 3 months | Change, mean (95% CI) | p Value |
Foods, daily consumption in grams | ||||
Fruits | 262 (218) | 280 (153) | 18.1 (0.4 to 35.7) | 0.044 |
Vegetables | 357 (168) | 362 (164) | 5.1 (−8.0 to 18.2) | 0.443 |
Legumes | 14.3 (9.3) | 19.5 (21.5) | 5.2 (3.6 to 6.9) | <0.001 |
Fish, seafood | 111 (63) | 114 (87) | 2.6 (−3.6 to 8.8) | 0.414 |
Meat, meat products | 157 (75) | 136 (58) | −20.6 (−26.6 to −15.2) | <0.001 |
Cereals | 263 (124) | 238 (115) | −24.8 (−34.4 to −15.2) | <0.001 |
Dairy products | 403 (228) | 387 (226) | −16.1 (−32.1 to −0.2) | 0.047 |
Refined-mixed olive oil | 20.5 (20.7) | 13.6 (19.5) | −6.9 (−8.6 to −5.1) | <0.001 |
Virgin olive oil | 19.9 (23.9) | 27.6 (23.8) | 7.7 (5.9 to 9.4) | <0.001 |
Total nuts | 11.0 (16) | 22.1 (23.5) | 11.1 (9.1 to 13.1) | <0.001 |
Alcohol | 10.5 (17.3) | 12.3 (18.4) | 1.9 (0.6 to 3.1) | 0.003 |
Energy and nutrients | ||||
Energy, kj/d | 2538 (738) | 2393 (638) | −145 (−200 to −88) | <0.001 |
Protein, % En | 17.1 (3.3) | 18.8 (6.0) | 1.7 (1.2 to 2.3) | <0.001 |
Carbohydrate, % En | 41.9 (7.7) | 41.0 (7.70) | −0.9 (−1.5 to −0.3) | <0.001 |
Total fibre, g/d | 21.1 (7.6) | 22.2 (7.9) | 1.1 (0.4 to 1.7) | 0.001 |
Soluble fibre, g/d | 5.5 (2.1) | 5.9 (2.0) | 0.4 (0.2 to 0.6) | <0.001 |
Total fat, % En | 38.2 (7.3) | 37.2 (9.1) | −0.8 (−1.5 to −0.1) | 0.020 |
MUFA | 18.8 (4.6) | 19.3 (4.6) | 0.5 (0.1 to 0.8) | 0.009 |
PUFA | 6.8 (2.2) | 7.2 (3.2) | 1.0 (0.8 to 1.3) | <0.001 |
SFA | 10.1 (2.4) | 9.2 (2.2) | −0.8 (−1.0 to −0.7) | <0.001 |
Αlpha-linolenic acid, g/d | 1.5 (0.9) | 1.9 (1.4) | 0.4 (0.3 to 0.5) | <0.001 |
Marine n-3 fatty acids, g/d | 0.8 (0.6) | 0.9 (0.9) | 0.1 (0.0 to 0.2) | 0.009 |
CI, Confidence Interval; MUFA, monounsaturated fatty acids; PUFA, polyunsaturated fatty acids; SFA, saturated fatty acids.