Table 2 Crude risks of adverse birth outcomes among births to Inuit residents in the Hudson Bay communities where midwives were the primary birthing attendants vs the Ungava Bay communities where physicians were the primary birthing attendants, Nunavik, 1989–2000
Hudson BayUngava BayCrude RR* (95% CI)
N; Rate (95% CI)N; Rate (95% CI)
N (all births)15291197
For all births
    Preterm birth, %157; 10.3 (8.7 to 11.8)129; 10.8 (9.0 to 12.5)0.95 (0.76 to 1.19)
    SGA birth, %94; 6.1 (4.9 to 7.4)65; 5.4 (4.1 to 6.7)1.13 (0.83 to 1.54)
    LBW birth, %81; 5.3 (4.2 to 6.4)72; 6.0 (4.7 to 7.4)0.88 (0.65 to 1.20)
    Perinatal death, per 100022; 14.4 (8.4 to 20.4)13; 10.9 (5.0 to 16.7)1.32 (0.67 to 2.62)
    Stillbirth, per 10009; 5.9 (2.1 to 9.7)7; 5.8 (1.5 to 10.2)1.01 (0.38 to 2.69)
    Neonatal death, per 100013; 8.6 (3.9 to 13.2)6; 5.0 (1.0 to 9.1)1.70 (0.65 to 4.45)
    Post-neonatal death, per 100021; 13.9 (8.0 to 19.9)13; 11.0 (5.0 to 16.9)1.27 (0.64 to 2.52)
    Infant death, per 100034; 22.4 (14.9 to 29.8)19; 16.0 (8.8 to 23.1)1.40 (0.80 to 2.44)
For births⩾28 weeks
    Perinatal death, per 100014; 9.2 (4.4 to 14.0)10; 8.4 (3.2 to 13.6)1.10 (0.49 to 2.46)
    Stillbirth, per 10008; 5.3 (1.6 to 8.9)6; 5.0 (1.0 to 9.1)1.05 (0.36 to 3.01)
    Neonatal death, per 10006; 4.0 (0.8 to 7.1)4; 3.4 (0.1 to 6.7)1.18 (0.33 to 4.16)

  • LBW, low birthweight (<2500 g); SGA, small-for-gestational-age (<10th percentile); RR, risk ratio; CI, confidence interval.

  • *All crude RRs were non-significant (p>0.05).