Effects of average education in the municipality on individual mortality, according to various models with and without lag, among women and men aged 60–89 in 1981–2002 (ORs with 95% CIs)
| Women | Men | |
| Models of type 1 | ||
| A: Includes current average education among persons aged 60–89 in the current municipality of residence, individual education and age, period and population size | 0.940*** (0.928 to 0.952) | 0.955*** (0.943 to 0.966) |
| F: As for A, but average education and population size lagged 10 years | 0.924*** (0.910 to 0.938) | 0.938*** (0.925 to 0.952) |
| G: As for A, but observation period 1991–2002 | 0.951*** (0.936 to 0.966) | 0.963*** (0.948 to 0.977) |
| H: As for A, but observation period 1991–2002 and average education and population size lagged 20 years | 0.930*** (0.908 to 0.953) | 0.935*** (0.914 to 0.957) |
| Models of type 2 | ||
| K: Includes current average education among persons aged 60–89 in the current municipality of residence, individual education and age, period and municipality dummies | 0.946* (0.890 to 1.005) | 0.686*** (0.648 to 0.725) |
| P: As for K, but average education and municipality dummies lagged 10 years | 0.964 (0.911 to 1.019) | 0.753*** (0.715 to 0.792) |
| Q: As for K, but observation period 1991–2002 | 0.868* (0.751 to 1.002) | 0.692*** (0.603 to 0.795) |
| R: As for K, but average education and municipality dummies lagged 20 years and observation period 1991–2002 | 0.933 (0.810 to 0.975) | 0.826** (0.724 to 0.943) |
*p<0.10; **p<0.01; ***p<0.001.