Risk factors | Crude PAR% | Adjusted PAR% |
External environment | ||
Rural residence | 48.5 | 34.9 |
Predisposing factors | ||
Maternal education: none/incomplete primary | 72.5 | 26.4 |
Knowledge on complications during pregnancy | 50.2 | 19.2 |
Household wealth index | ||
Second highest | 23.6 | 8.0 |
Middle | 45.8 | 22.4 |
Second lowest | 55.5 | 26.2 |
Lowest | 77.2 | 47.2 |
Combined household wealth index | 95.8 | 72.2 |
Need factors | ||
Birth rank: seven and above | 14.9 | 4.9 |
Enabling factors | ||
Distance to health services is a problem | 23.1 | 5.9 |
Previous utilisation of health services | ||
Untrained delivery attendance* | 94.8 | 91.7 |
Non-health facility delivery | 92.0 | 29.8 |
*The PAR% were calculated based on the OR of untrained delivery attendants relative to the trained delivery attendants, including nurses, midwives and village midwives.