Societal (population) level | Individual level | |
Physical environment | Environmental planning, monitoring, regulation | Responsible use of environmental resources |
Social environment | Public advocacy, community mobilisation | Promotion of solidarity |
Health services environment | Resource mobilisation/deployment | Early recognition of problems regardless of their genesis |
Information systems: collection, analysis and dissemination for early identification of problems and iatrogenesis | ||
Personal environment | Genetic engineering | Responsible stewardship of one’s health |
*Locus of responsibility may vary from one jurisdiction to another but must be explicit and with accountability.
Source: Sheridan et al.38