Constant | −1.944 | 0.061 | 0.000 | −1.753 | 0.128 | 0.000 | −1.623 | 0.127 | 0.000 |
Community-level maternal literacy (0–1) | 0.672 | 0.092 | 0.000 | 0.262 | 0.122 | 0.031 | 0.083 | 0.122 | 0.496 |
Independent risk factors | | | | | | | | | |
Age of child (months) | | | | −0.001 | 0.000 | 0.000 | −0.001 | 0.000 | 0.001 |
Sex of child (0, female; 1, male) | | | | −0.111 | 0.025 | 0.000 | −0.107 | 0.025 | 0.000 |
Confounders | | | | | | | | | |
Age of mother (years) | | | | 0.001 | 0.002 | 0.770 | 0.000 | 0.002 | 0.942 |
Housing quality score (household wealth) (0–1) | | | | 0.227 | 0.054 | 0.000 | 0.120 | 0.055 | 0.028 |
Household land ownership (0, no; 1, yes) | | | | 0.077 | 0.034 | 0.024 | 0.056 | 0.034 | 0.096 |
Adults in household (no.) | | | | 0.015 | 0.008 | 0.052 | 0.013 | 0.008 | 0.101 |
Children in household (no.) | | | | −0.049 | 0.014 | 0.001 | −0.041 | 0.014 | 0.005 |
Economic sectors household involved with (no.) | | | | 0.017 | 0.018 | 0.339 | 0.010 | 0.018 | 0.586 |
Urbanity (0, rural; 1, urban) | | | | 0.292 | 0.082 | 0.000 | 0.246 | 0.078 | 0.002 |
Country (0, Vietnam; 1, India) | | | | −0.255 | 0.085 | 0.003 | −0.349 | 0.083 | 0.000 |
Maternal education | | | | | | | | | |
Primary | | | | | | | 0.044 | 0.038 | 0.242 |
Secondary | | | | | | | 0.074 | 0.043 | 0.089 |
Higher | | | | | | | 0.238 | 0.051 | 0.000 |
Paternal education | | | | | | | | | |
Primary | | | | | | | 0.017 | 0.038 | 0.660 |
Secondary | | | | | | | 0.062 | 0.041 | 0.133 |
Higher | | | | | | | 0.166 | 0.043 | 0.000 |