Cases (n = 602) n (%) | Controls (n = 2999) n (%) | Unadjusted odds ratios (95% CI) | Group adjusted odds ratios* (95% CI) | Fully adjusted odds ratio† (95% CI) | |
Antidepressants | |||||
No | 505 (83.9) | 2898 (96.1) | 1.0 | 1.0 | |
Yes | 97 (16.1) | 101 (3.4) | 5.59 (4.14 to 7.56) | 3.25 (2.28 to 4.64) | |
Benzodiazepines | |||||
No | 431 (71.6) | 2825 (94.2) | 1.0 | 1.0 | 1.0 |
Yes | 171 (28.4) | 174 (5.8) | 6.81 (5.31 to 8.74) | 5.31 (3.99 to 7.08) | 4.46 (3.25 to6.11) |
Barbiturates | |||||
No | 595 (98.8) | 2996 (99.9) | 1.0 | 1.0 | |
Yes | 7 (1.2) | 3 (0.1) | 11.67 (2.66 to 69.92) | 6.07 (1.20 to 30.60) | |
Tranquillisers | |||||
No | 579 (96.2) | 2963 (98.8) | 1.0 | ||
Yes | 23 (3.8) | 36 (1.2) | 3.22 (1.89 to 5.48) | ||
Narcotic pain killers | |||||
No | 518 (86.0) | 2892 (96.4) | 1.0 | 1.0 | 1.0 |
Yes | 84 (14.0) | 107 (3.6) | 4.38 (3.22 to 5.93) | 3.03 (2.12 to 4.34) | 2.57 (1.71 to 3.86) |
Non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs | |||||
No | 574 (95.3) | 2884 (96.2) | 1.0 | ||
Yes | 28 (4.7) | 115 (3.8) | 1.23 (0.80 to 1.89) | ||
Antihypertensive drugs | |||||
No | 558 (92.7) | 2766 (92.2) | 1.0 | ||
Yes | 44 (7.3) | 233 (7.8) | 0.94 (0.67 to 1.31) | ||
Anti-lipid agents | |||||
No | 594 (98.7) | 2934 (97.8) | 1.0 | ||
Yes | 8 (1.3) | 65 (2.2) | 0.60 (0.28 to 1.26) | ||
Vasodilating agents | |||||
No | 580 (96.3) | 2920 (97.4) | 1.0 | ||
Yes | 22 (3.7) | 79 (2.6) | 1.42 (0.87 to 2.32) | ||
Anticoagulants | |||||
No | 593 (98.5) | 2957 (98.6) | 1.0 | ||
Yes | 9 (1.5) | 42 (1.4) | 1.07 (0.52 to 2.22) | ||
Diuretics | |||||
No | 565 (93.9) | 2804 (93.5) | 1.0 | 1.0 | 1.0 |
Yes | 37 (6.1) | 195 (6.5) | 0.94 (0.66 to 1.36) | 0.57 (0.37 to 0.89) | 0.49 (0.31 to 0.76) |
Other cardiac drugs | |||||
No | 540 (89.7) | 2726 (90.9) | 1.0 | ||
Yes | 62 (10.3) | 273 (9.1) | 1.14 (0.86 to 1.53) | ||
Ulcer medication | |||||
No | 551 (91.5) | 2859 (95.3) | 1.0 | ||
Yes | 51 (8.5) | 140 (4.7) | 1.88 (1.35 to 2.62) | ||
Steroids | |||||
No | 572 (95.0) | 2886 (96.2) | 1.0 | ||
Yes | 30 (5.0) | 113 (3.8) | 1.33 (0.88 to 2.00) | ||
Diabetes medication | |||||
No | 582 (96.7) | 2902 (96.8) | 1.0 | ||
Yes | 20 (3.3) | 97 (3.2) | 1.03 (0.63 to 1.68) |
*Adjusted for group variables (medication use only).
†Adjusted for demographics, co-morbidity and medication use.