Factors predicting other responses related to the tsunami
| Number | Disturbance items* (st least one item) (among all respondents) | Avoidance behaviours† (at least two items) (among all respondents) | Smoked or drank more frequently (among all smokers or drinkers, n = 121) | Sharing more frequently with friends or family members (among all respondents) | |||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| (Row %) | ORu | ORm | (Row %) | ORu | ORm | (Row %) | ORu | ORm | (Row %) | ORu | ORm | ||
| ORu, odds ratio is calculated univariately. ORm, odds ratio is obtained by multivariable logistic regression models, using variables significant in the univariate analyses; only significant items were tabulated in the table. Variables that are non-significant in all the univariate analysis were not tabulated in this table, including age, current marital status, LOT score, ever travelled to affected areas, knew someone staying in affected countries then, have relatives living in affected countries then. *Agree/very agree to the disturbance items: The tsunami causes me serious emotional disturbance; I feel horrified by the tsunami; I feel unrest because of the tsunami. †Likely or very likely to the avoidance behaviours: would avoid visiting affected countries because of tsunami; would avoid travelling; would avoid going to seashore; would avoid eating seafood. ‡Variable not used as candidates for the multivariate stepwise regression because of the presence of null cells. NA, not applicable; NS, univariately significant but multivariate non-significant; – unvariately non-significant. | |||||||||||||
| (All) | 604 | 88.5 | NA | 4.1 | NA | 29.4 | NA | ||||||
| Sex | |||||||||||||
| Female | 312 | 92.3 | 1.00 | 1.00 | 8.7 | 1.00 | – | 30.4 | 1.00 | – | |||
| Male | 292 | 84.5 | 0.46** | 17.5 | 0.42*** | 0.52** | 3.1 | 0.33 | 28.2 | 0.90 | |||
| Education level | |||||||||||||
| Form 3 or below | 142 | 90.1 | 1.00 | – | 25.4 | 1.00 | – | 10.0 | 1.00 | – | 31.7 | 1.00 | – |
| F4–F5 | 187 | 89.2 | 0.92 | 28.3 | 1.17 | 0.0 | 0.00 | 31.6 | 0.99 | ||||
| Above form 5 | 272 | 87.5 | 0.77 | 24.4 | 0.95 | 2.6 | 0.24 | 26.8 | 0.79 | ||||
| Employment status | |||||||||||||
| Full time | 373 | 85.8 | 1.00 | NS | 23.4 | 1.00 | – | 2.1 | 1.00 | 1.00 | 28.7 | 1.00 | – |
| Part time | 23 | 100.0 | NA‡ | 34.8 | 1.75 | 33.3 | 23.25* | 86.45* | 34.8 | 1.33 | |||
| Not employed | 207 | 92.7 | 2.12* | 29.5 | 1.37 | 8.7 | 4.43 | 7.45 | 30.0 | 1.06 | |||
| Religion status | |||||||||||||
| No religion | 419 | 88.5 | 1.00 | – | 23.7 | 1.00 | NS | 2.1 | 1.00 | 1.00 | 27.9 | 1.00 | – |
| Christian/Catholic | 119 | 87.4 | 0.90 | 26.1 | 1.14 | 8.3 | 4.23 | 6.04 | 29.4 | 1.08 | |||
| Buddhist/Taoist | 47 | 91.5 | 1.40 | 42.6 | 2.39** | 10.0 | 5.17 | 18.81 | 38.3 | 1.60 | |||
| Folk religion | 18 | 94.4 | 2.21 | 33.3 | 1.61 | 25.0 | 15.50* | 44.37* | 38.9 | 1.64 | |||
| Number of times of media exposure per day | |||||||||||||
| <5 | 152 | 90.1 | 1.00 | – | 21.1 | 1.00 | – | 5.9 | 1.00 | – | 27.0 | 1.00 | – |
| 5–10 | 248 | 87.9 | 0.80 | 25.5 | 1.28 | 2.1 | 0.35 | 29.6 | 1.14 | ||||
| >10 | 204 | 88.2 | 0.83 | 30.0 | 1.61 | 5.0 | 0.84 | 30.9 | 1.21 | ||||
| Distressful image exposure score (DIES) | |||||||||||||
| Low (⩽16) | 196 | 87.2 | 1.00 | – | 22.4 | 1.00 | NS | 0.0 | 0.00 | – | 25.0 | 1.00 | 1.00 |
| Medium (17–20) | 278 | 89.2 | 1.21 | 22.7 | 1.02 | 6.9 | 2.07 | 27.4 | 1.13 | 1.02 | |||
| High (⩾21) | 129 | 89.1 | 1.21 | 37.5 | 2.07** | 3.4 | 1.00 | 40.3 | 2.03** | 1.78* | |||
| Weighted visual unrest score (WVUS) | |||||||||||||
| Low (⩽21) | 157 | 73.1 | 1.00 | 1.00 | 10.8 | 1.00 | 1.00 | 0.0 | 0.00 | – | 19.1 | 1.00 | NS |
| Medium (22–40) | 316 | 93.0 | 4.91*** | 3.00* | 26.0 | 2.90*** | 2.45** | 3.3 | 0.20 | 30.8 | 1.88** | ||
| High (⩾41) | 125 | 96.0 | 8.84*** | 3.84* | 44.4 | 6.56*** | 4.58*** | 14.3 | 1.00 | 38.4 | 2.64*** | ||
| Distressful content exposure score (DCES) | |||||||||||||
| Low (⩽18) | 155 | 80.4 | 1.00 | NS | 18.8 | 1.00 | NS | 0.0 | 0.00 | – | 20.1 | 1.00 | NS |
| Medium (19–23) | 338 | 91.7 | 2.70*** | 27.3 | 1.62* | 3.2 | 0.21 | 33.4 | 1.99** | ||||
| High (⩾24) | 110 | 90.9 | 2.20* | 31.8 | 2.01* | 13.6 | 1.00 | 30.0 | 1.70 | ||||
| Weighted content unrest score (WCUS) | |||||||||||||
| Low (⩽27) | 152 | 73.0 | 1.00 | 1.00 | 13.8 | 1.00 | NS | 0.0‡ | NA | NA | 14.5 | 1.00 | 1.00 |
| Medium (28–46) | 317 | 92.4 | 4.48*** | 2.26* | 26.7 | 2.27** | 0.0 | 34.8 | 3.16*** | 2.52** | |||
| High (⩾47) | 131 | 96.9 | 11.73*** | 7.92** | 38.9 | 3.98*** | 19.2 | 34.4 | 3.09*** | 2.07* | |||
| Tsunami caused by human damaging ecosystem | |||||||||||||
| Disagree | 334 | 87.4 | 1.00 | – | 22.8 | 1.00 | NS | 3.0 | 1.00 | – | 27.3 | 1.00 | – |
| Agree | 250 | 90.0 | 1.29 | 30.1 | 1.46* | 5.8 | 33.2 | 1.32 | |||||
| 8 | |||||||||||||
| Natural disasters are punishments by God | |||||||||||||
| Disagree | 393 | 86.5 | 1.00 | NS | 22.3 | 1.00 | NS | 3.5 | 1.00 | – | 24.7 | 1.00 | 1.00 |
| Agree | 195 | 93.3 | 2.18* | 34.4 | 1.83** | 6.5 | 1.89 | 39.0 | 1.94*** | 1.86** | |||
| Major natural disaster would occur in Hong Kong in lifetime | |||||||||||||
| Disagree | 290 | 90.0 | 1.00 | – | 26.6 | 1.00 | – | 6.7 | 1.00 | NS | 31.0 | 1.00 | – |
| Agree | 295 | 86.7 | 0.73 | 25.5 | 0.94 | 1.7 | 0.04*** | 26.9 | 0.82 | ||||
| Sharing more frequently with friends or family members | |||||||||||||
| No difference/disagree | 426 | 87.3 | 1.00 | – | 19.7 | 1.00 | 1.00 | 2.4 | 1.00 | – | NA | NA | NA |
| Agree | 177 | 92.1 | 1.70 | 40.9 | 2.82*** | 2.32*** | 7.9 | 3.47 | NA | NA | |||
| Frequency talking with family members/friends about the tsunami (per day) | |||||||||||||
| <1 | 193 | 84.8 | 1.00 | – | 18.8 | 1.00 | NS | 4.5 | 1.00 | – | 19.8 | 1.00 | 1.00 |
| 1–3 | 294 | 89.8 | 1.58 | 28.2 | 1.71* | 1.7 | 0.37 | 35.0 | 2.19*** | 1.81* | |||
| ⩾4 | 116 | 91.4 | 1.90 | 32.2 | 2.06** | 10.5 | 2.47 | 31.0 | 1.82* | 1.35 | |||