Odds ratios for pelvic pain in pregnancy according to physical working conditions and job strain. Severe and mild cases analysed together. Only women in work (n = 2758)
| Exposure variables | Value | Crude OR | Adjusted OR* | 95% CI |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| *Exposure variables mutually adjusted and adjusted for confounders that changed the fully adjusted estimates >5%. Working hours adjusted for previous pelvic pain. Work related carrying of heavy burdens adjusted for previous pelvic pain and body mass index. For status of job, number of working hours per week, working posture, physically strenous work, and job strain no relevant confounders were identified. †Job strain categories: relaxed, low demands and high control; passive, low demands and low control; active, high demands and high control; strained, high demands and low control. | ||||
| Job status | in executive jobs or jobs requiring higher education | 1 | 1 | – |
| in jobs requiring middle range education | 1.06 | 0.87 | 0.69 to 1.10 | |
| in the office or welfare area or self employed | 1.21 | 1.00 | 0.80 to 1.25 | |
| in skilled or unskilled jobs | 1.22 | 0.86 | 0.60 to 1.23 | |
| Working hours | day | 1 | 1 | – |
| evening | 2.01 | 1.76 | 1.04 to 2.96 | |
| night | 1.82 | 1.36 | 0.66 to 2.82 | |
| rotating shifts (without night) | 1.61 | 1.65 | 1.22 to 2.24 | |
| rotating shifts (with night) | 1.39 | 1.34 | 0.99 to 1.87 | |
| Number of working hours per week | 15–30 | 1 | 1 | – |
| 31–37 | 1.03 | 1.12 | 0.91 to 1.38 | |
| >37 | 0.85 | 0.87 | 0.64 to 1.17 | |
| Working posture | predominantly sitting | 1 | 1 | – |
| predominantly standing or walking | 1.64 | 1.04 | 0.80 to 1.35 | |
| a mixture of the three | 1.18 | 1.02 | 0.83 to 1.25 | |
| Daily work related carrying of heavy burdens | no | 1 | 1 | – |
| yes, 11–20 kilos | 1.49 | 1.12 | 0.88 to 1.44 | |
| yes, >20 kilos | 1.89 | 1.14 | 0.86 to 1.50 | |
| Physically strenuous work | sometimes or infrequently | 1 | 1 | – |
| often | 1.95 | 1.47 | 1.17 to 1.84 | |
| Job strain† | relaxed | 1 | 1 | – |
| passive | 1.22 | 1.11 | 0.92 to 1.35 | |
| active | 1.42 | 1.32 | 1.02 to 1.71 | |
| strained | 1.68 | 1.39 | 1.12 to 1.74 | |