Multivariate analyses: trends in inequality in under 5 mortality by socioeconomic and regional groups, Indonesia, 1982–1997
| Hazard ratios (95%CI): univariate and after adjustment | |||||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1982–87 | 1986–91 | 1989–94 | 1992–97 | ||||||||||
| HR | 95% | CI | HR | 95% | CI | HR | 95% | CI | HR | 95% | CI | ||
| To minimise residual confounding, we used narrow educational and wealth groups (consisting of four categories) when adjusting for education and for wealth. *Comparing “not electrified rural” with urban. | |||||||||||||
| Maternal education | 2.00 | 1.60 | 2.50 | 1.69 | 1.45 | 1.97 | 1.58 | 1.33 | 1.89 | 1.52 | 1.27 | 1.82 | |
| Adjusted for: | |||||||||||||
| Household wealth | 1.62 | 1.29 | 2.04 | 1.44 | 1.23 | 1.69 | 1.27 | 1.05 | 1.53 | 1.26 | 1.04 | 1.52 | |
| Community type | 1.80 | 1.43 | 2.25 | 1.56 | 1.32 | 1.84 | 1.38 | 1.15 | 1.64 | 1.32 | 1.10 | 1.59 | |
| Island group | 1.97 | 1.56 | 2.49 | 1.68 | 1.44 | 1.96 | 1.58 | 1.33 | 1.88 | 1.52 | 1.28 | 1.81 | |
| All | 1.62 | 1.28 | 2.04 | 1.42 | 1.21 | 1.67 | 1.26 | 1.05 | 1.51 | 1.25 | 1.03 | 1.51 | |
| Household wealth | 1.70 | 1.38 | 2.08 | 1.48 | 1.26 | 1.74 | 1.78 | 1.47 | 2.16 | 1.57 | 1.27 | 1.95 | |
| Adjusted for: | |||||||||||||
| Maternal education | 1.32 | 1.08 | 1.62 | 1.18 | 0.99 | 1.41 | 1.52 | 1.21 | 1.91 | 1.29 | 1.04 | 1.60 | |
| Community type | 1.46 | 1.13 | 1.90 | 1.27 | 1.01 | 1.59 | 1.41 | 1.15 | 1.72 | 1.23 | 0.96 | 1.57 | |
| Island group | 1.69 | 1.40 | 2.04 | 1.49 | 1.24 | 1.80 | 1.77 | 1.46 | 2.14 | 1.51 | 1.22 | 1.88 | |
| All | 1.24 | 0.97 | 1.58 | 1.09 | 0.88 | 1.35 | 1.27 | 1.03 | 1.55 | 1.06 | 0.84 | 1.36 | |
| Community type* | 1.84 | 1.48 | 2.28 | 1.61 | 1.25 | 2.06 | 2.24 | 1.66 | 3.01 | 2.18 | 1.70 | 2.80 | |
| Adjusted for: | |||||||||||||
| Maternal education | 1.42 | 1.13 | 1.79 | 1.26 | 0.96 | 1.64 | 1.84 | 1.38 | 2.46 | 1.70 | 1.32 | 2.20 | |
| Household wealth | 1.23 | 0.93 | 1.62 | 1.14 | 0.83 | 1.57 | 1.43 | 1.05 | 1.94 | 1.44 | 1.06 | 1.95 | |
| Island group | 1.81 | 1.46 | 2.25 | 1.63 | 1.26 | 2.11 | 2.20 | 1.66 | 2.92 | 2.02 | 1.57 | 2.60 | |
| All | 1.15 | 0.84 | 1.57 | 1.06 | 0.77 | 1.46 | 1.38 | 0.98 | 1.93 | 1.19 | 0.86 | 1.63 | |
| Island group | 1.16 | 0.92 | 1.46 | 1.01 | 0.84 | 1.22 | 1.21 | 1.02 | 1.45 | 1.43 | 1.17 | 1.74 | |
| Adjusted for: | |||||||||||||
| Maternal education | 1.12 | 0.90 | 1.39 | 1.02 | 0.85 | 1.23 | 1.24 | 1.05 | 1.47 | 1.55 | 1.26 | 1.90 | |
| Household wealth | 1.13 | 0.90 | 1.42 | 0.95 | 0.79 | 1.15 | 1.12 | 0.93 | 1.34 | 1.30 | 1.05 | 1.59 | |
| Community type | 1.10 | 0.86 | 1.40 | 0.95 | 0.78 | 1.15 | 1.07 | 0.89 | 1.29 | 1.24 | 1.01 | 1.53 | |
| All | 1.10 | 0.89 | 1.37 | 0.99 | 0.82 | 1.19 | 1.11 | 0.93 | 1.33 | 1.35 | 1.10 | 1.67 | |