Association between level of education attained and outcome of first AMI hospitalisation in Rome, 1998–2000
| Educational attainment | Men | Women | All | |||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Risk(%) | Adjusted OR/HR | 95% CI | Risk(%) | Adjusted OR/HR | 95% CI | Risk(%) | Adjusted OR/HR | 95% CI | ||||
| N = 7234. The reference category is at least 13 years of education. Risks are crude absolute risks. Odds ratios and hazard ratios are adjusted for gender, age (as a continuous variable), and selected comorbidities (diabetes, hypertension, COPD, peripheral vascular disease, arrhythmia, conduction disorders, heart failure, angina/other ischaemic heart disease). *Odds ratio reported from logistic regression. †Adjusted for comorbidities diagnosed either at the index event or in the preceding three years. ‡Adjusted for comorbidities diagnosed in the preceding three years. §Hazard ratio reported from Cox multivariate analysis of survival time. ¶Adjusted for PTCA. Crude absolute risks, adjusted odds ratios/hazard ratios and 95% confidence intervals (CI). | ||||||||||||
| PTCA*† | ||||||||||||
| at least 13 years | 14.0 | 1.00 | 8.0 | 1.00 | 12.9 | 1.00 | ||||||
| 8–12 years | 11.3 | 0.86 | 0.70 | 1.06 | 8.0 | 1.06 | 0.64 | 1.76 | 10.5 | 0.89 | 0.74 | 1.08 |
| less than 8 years | 7.7 | 0.70 | 0.55 | 0.90 | 5.3 | 0.88 | 0.52 | 1.47 | 6.7 | 0.73 | 0.58 | 0.90 |
| p value for trend | 0.01 | 0.50 | 0.004 | |||||||||
| Short term fatality*‡ | ||||||||||||
| at least 13 years | 7.8 | 1.00 | 13.4 | 1.00 | 8.8 | 1.00 | ||||||
| 8–12 years | 9.6 | 1.13 | 0.88 | 1.45 | 15.4 | 1.16 | 0.78 | 1.73 | 11.1 | 1.13 | 0.92 | 1.40 |
| less than 8 years | 14.8 | 1.22 | 0.95 | 1.56 | 21.7 | 1.31 | 0.91 | 1.88 | 17.6 | 1.24 | 1.01 | 1.52 |
| p value for trend | 0.12 | 0.13 | 0.04 | |||||||||
| First year fatality†§¶ | ||||||||||||
| at least 13 years | 4.7 | 1.00 | 8.1 | 1.00 | 5.3 | 1.00 | ||||||
| 8–12 years | 6.1 | 1.12 | 0.82 | 1.53 | 11.2 | 1.21 | 0.74 | 1.97 | 7.4 | 1.16 | 0.90 | 1.51 |
| less than 8 years | 9.8 | 1.02 | 0.75 | 1.38 | 13.0 | 1.02 | 0.64 | 1.62 | 11.0 | 1.02 | 0.79 | 1.31 |
| p value for trend | 0.98 | 0.70 | 0.80 | |||||||||
| Rehospitalisation for AMI (1 year)†§¶ | ||||||||||||
| at least 13 years | 3.6 | 1.00 | 2.6 | 1.00 | 3.4 | 1.00 | ||||||
| 8–12 years | 3.3 | 0.84 | 0.57 | 1.24 | 4.6 | 1.74 | 0.75 | 4.01 | 3.6 | 0.99 | 0.70 | 1.39 |
| less than 8 years | 3.9 | 0.83 | 0.56 | 1.25 | 4.0 | 1.39 | 0.61 | 3.18 | 3.9 | 0.90 | 0.63 | 1.28 |
| p value for trend | 0.38 | 0.76 | 0.55 | |||||||||
| Rehospitalisation for other cardiac cause (1 year)†§¶ | ||||||||||||
| at least 13 years | 16.2 | 1.00 | 15.8 | 1.00 | 16.2 | 1.00 | ||||||
| 8–12 years | 17.2 | 1.04 | 0.87 | 1.24 | 17.1 | 1.07 | 0.75 | 1.54 | 17.2 | 1.05 | 0.90 | 1.23 |
| less than 8 years | 16.7 | 0.98 | 0.81 | 1.19 | 17.2 | 1.03 | 0.73 | 1.47 | 16.9 | 0.99 | 0.84 | 1.17 |
| p value for trend | 0.83 | 0.96 | 0.86 | |||||||||