Absolute and relative educational inequalities in mortality among middle aged and elderly men and women
| Country/City | Age | Men | Women | ||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| RR | (95%CI) | RD | TR* | RR | (95% CI) | RD | TR* | ||
| RR, rate ratio. 95% CI, 95% confidence intervals. RD, rate difference. TR*, total rate. *The total rate represents the mortality rate of the total population—that is, all educational groups together, given per 1000 person years at risk. Rate ratios are the ratio of the rate of the lower educated group with the rate of the combined middle and higher educated groups. Rate differences are the difference between the rate of the lower educated group with the rate of the combined middle and higher educated groups. | |||||||||
| Finland | 50–59 | 1.49 | (1.44 to 1.55) | 4.45 | 11.79 | 1.42 | (1.34 to 1.50) | 1.53 | 4.65 |
| 60–69 | 1.41 | (1.37 to 1.45) | 9.53 | 30.96 | 1.28 | (1.24 to 1.34) | 3.08 | 13.29 | |
| 70–79 | 1.25 | (1.22 to 1.29) | 15.36 | 73.21 | 1.24 | (1.21 to 1.28) | 8.54 | 42.59 | |
| 80–89 | 1.17 | (1.13 to 1.21) | 25.10 | 171.74 | 1.17 | (1.14 to 1.21) | 19.80 | 133.77 | |
| Norway | 50–59 | 1.60 | (1.50 to 1.71) | 3.70 | 9.17 | 1.67 | (1.50 to 1.87) | 1.94 | 4.75 |
| 60–69 | 1.41 | (1.36 to 1.48) | 7.92 | 25.95 | 1.36 | (1.26 to 1.47) | 3.40 | 12.58 | |
| 70–79 | 1.38 | (1.33 to 1.43) | 18.56 | 65.77 | 1.64 | (1.54 to 1.75) | 14.21 | 35.50 | |
| 80–89 | 1.05 | (1.00 to 1.09) | 7.68 | 160.84 | 1.12 | (1.06 to 1.18) | 11.34 | 108.06 | |
| Denmark | 50–59 | 1.37 | (1.31 to 1.42) | 3.29 | 11.36 | 1.35 | (1.28 to 1.42) | 2.14 | 7.59 |
| 60–69 | 1.28 | (1.24 to 1.32) | 7.05 | 30.28 | 1.26 | (1.21 to 1.30) | 3.97 | 18.45 | |
| England/Wales | 50–59 | 1.36 | (1.19 to 1.56) | 2.75 | 9.80 | 1.44 | (1.15 to 1.80) | 1.67 | 5.30 |
| 60–69 | 1.61 | (1.45 to 1.79) | 11.18 | 27.99 | 1.53 | (1.31 to 1.78) | 5.93 | 16.72 | |
| 70–79 | 1.17 | (1.08 to 1.28) | 10.89 | 71.65 | 1.19 | (1.07 to 1.33) | 7.24 | 43.24 | |
| 80–89 | 1.28 | (1.14 to 1.44) | 38.17 | 161.33 | 1.07 | (0.96 to 1.19) | 7.67 | 116.10 | |
| Belgium | 50–59 | 1.44 | (1.40 to 1.49) | 3.44 | 10.22 | 1.24 | (1.19 to 1.30) | 1.04 | 5.03 |
| 60–69 | 1.38 | (1.35 to 1.41) | 8.10 | 27.68 | 1.34 | (1.30 to 1.39) | 3.39 | 12.72 | |
| 70–79 | 1.29 | (1.27 to 1.32) | 16.15 | 68.20 | 1.35 | (1.31 to 1.39) | 9.86 | 37.01 | |
| 80–89 | 1.24 | (1.21 to 1.28) | 34.13 | 169.54 | 1.26 | (1.23 to 1.29) | 24.76 | 118.76 | |
| France | 50–59 | 1.58 | (1.45 to 1.71) | 3.24 | 8.40 | 1.08 | (0.95 to 1.23) | 0.29 | 3.45 |
| 60–69 | 1.31 | (1.21 to 1.41) | 4.67 | 19.39 | 1.14 | (1.00 to 1.29) | 0.91 | 7.42 | |
| 70–79 | 1.36 | (1.25 to 1.48) | 11.25 | 42.45 | 1.22 | (1.07 to 1.39) | 3.04 | 20.65 | |
| Switzerland | 50–59 | 1.62 | (1.52 to 1.72) | 3.24 | 7.81 | 1.29 | (1.11 to 1.50) | 0.94 | 3.89 |
| 60–69 | 1.39 | (1.34 to 1.45) | 6.22 | 20.93 | 1.30 | (1.16 to 1.45) | 2.21 | 9.59 | |
| 70–79 | 1.30 | (1.26 to 1.35) | 12.81 | 52.38 | 1.28 | (1.17 to 1.41) | 5.97 | 27.56 | |
| 80–89 | 1.17 | (1.12 to 1.21) | 19.69 | 133.61 | 1.33 | (1.22 to 1.44) | 22.14 | 89.48 | |
| Austria | 50–59 | 1.86 | (1.68 to 2.06) | 4.46 | 8.73 | 1.21 | (1.07 to 1.37) | 0.67 | 3.95 |
| 60–69 | 1.56 | (1.46 to 1.67) | 8.53 | 21.95 | 1.30 | (1.20 to 1.40) | 2.38 | 10.03 | |
| 70–79 | 1.39 | (1.31 to 1.47) | 15.26 | 50.96 | 1.30 | (1.23 to 1.38) | 7.18 | 29.56 | |
| 80–89 | 1.27 | (1.21 to 1.35) | 31.24 | 138.68 | 1.39 | (1.32 to 1.46) | 29.78 | 102.66 | |
| Turin | 50–59 | 1.45 | (1.31 to 1.61) | 2.84 | 8.35 | 1.14 | (0.98 to 1.33) | 0.50 | 4.14 |
| 60–69 | 1.26 | (1.18 to 1.34) | 5.19 | 24.60 | 1.24 | (1.11 to 1.38) | 2.23 | 11.25 | |
| 70–79 | 1.17 | (1.10 to 1.25) | 9.27 | 59.34 | 1.32 | (1.20 to 1.46) | 8.05 | 31.72 | |
| 80–89 | 1.11 | (1.03 to 1.20) | 13.68 | 148.47 | 1.12 | (1.03 to 1.22) | 10.89 | 99.06 | |
| Barcelona and Madrid | 50–59 | 1.46 | (1.38 to 1.55) | 2.64 | 7.59 | 1.29 | (1.16 to 1.43) | 0.74 | 3.00 |
| 60–69 | 1.24 | (1.19 to 1.29) | 3.67 | 18.06 | 1.33 | (1.22 to 1.44) | 1.83 | 7.25 | |
| 70–79 | 1.17 | (1.12 to 1.22) | 6.37 | 40.48 | 1.35 | (1.26 to 1.43) | 5.44 | 20.52 | |
| 80–89 | 1.17 | (1.12 to 1.22) | 13.35 | 89.74 | 1.22 | (1.15 to 1.29) | 11.78 | 64.69 | |