Differences in smoking habits explained by factors at the school level and individual characteristics (n=1738). Logistic multilevel regression results. Dependent variable: Smokes daily (yes=1/no=0)
| Regression coefficients (SE) | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Model 1 | Model 2 | Model 3 | Model 4 | |
| Dependent variable, 0 for no daily smokers (1 for daily smokers). Variable contents: sex (0 male; 1 female), Interest in school (ordinal for interest in school; 1 very little; 2 little; 3 quite; 4 high), alcohol consumption occasionally (1 yes; 0 no), alcohol consumption frequently (1 yes; 0 no), smokers at home (percentage of smokers at home), best friend smokes (1 yes; 0 no), antismoking rules in the schools (0 weak; 1 medium/strong). Extra-binomial variation is allowed. Standard errors in parentheses. All variables are 95% significance. | ||||
| Fixed effects | ||||
| Intercept | −2.655 (0.159) | −2.174 (0.233) | −5.228 (0.475) | −4.74 (0.192) |
| Sex | 0.645 (0.200) | 0.650 (0.193) | ||
| Interest in school | −0.504 (0.113) | −0.521 (0.111) | ||
| Alcohol consumption occasionally | 1.586 (0.264) | 1.598 (0.256) | ||
| Alcohol consumption frequently | 2.402 (0.281) | 2.426 (0.272) | ||
| Smokers at home | 1.181 (0.291) | 1.199 (0.282) | ||
| Best friend smokes | 1.832 (0.216) | 1.817 (0.209) | ||
| Antismoking rules in the schools | −0.815 (0.300) | −0.770 (0.332) | ||
| Random effects | ||||
| σ u 2 | 0.433 (0.189) | 0.312 (0.159) | 0.518 (0.212) | 0.447 (0.192) |
| σ 2 | 0.939 (0.032) | 0.938 (0.032) | 0.636 (0.022) | 0.605 (0.021) |