Alcohol consumption, physical activity at work, hypertension, diabetes and occupational hazards according to level of total exposure to ETS, by gender. Never smokers of any tobacco product. Northern California Kaiser Permanente, 1979–85
| Total exposure to ETS (hours/week) | ||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Men | ||||||
| 0 (n=5354) | 1–9 (n=5742) | 10–39 (n=3239) | ⩾40 (n=2189) | Number | p Value4-150 | |
| Alcohol at least 3 drinks/day | 29.8 | 24.3 | 15.5 | 30.4 | 181 | 0.001 |
| Sedentary job | 26.4 | 40.1 | 19.9 | 13.6 | 6 637 | 0.001 |
| Hypertension | 36.2 | 30.6 | 19.2 | 14.0 | 2 533 | 0.001 |
| Diabetes | 49.5 | 23.0 | 16.3 | 11.2 | 295 | 0.001 |
| Exposure to occupational hazard(s) | ||||||
| None | 31.7 | 33.9 | 19.4 | 15.0 | 2 176 | 0.08 |
| Cleaning fluids, solvents | 28.1 | 36.7 | 21.5 | 13.6 | 4 140 | 0.001 |
| Insect or plant sprays | 29.2 | 32.8 | 22.5 | 15.5 | 711 | 0.03 |
| Plastics or resin fumes | 25.7 | 34.0 | 21.8 | 18.4 | 928 | 0.001 |
| Asbestos, cement or grain dust | 28.8 | 32.7 | 23.0 | 15.5 | 1 900 | 0.001 |
| Silica (sandblasting, grinding) | 28.9 | 31.9 | 22.3 | 16.8 | 1 549 | 0.001 |
| Radiographs or radioactivity | 24.3 | 42.0 | 20.6 | 13.0 | 921 | 0.001 |
| Ultraviolet radiation | 26.9 | 41.3 | 18.6 | 13.1 | 312 | 0.001 |
| Lead on metal fumes | 29.3 | 32.6 | 18.7 | 19.3 | 965 | 0.001 |
| Very loud noise | 27.7 | 27.0 | 24.8 | 20.4 | 563 | 0.001 |
| Radar or microwave | 21.9 | 35.0 | 21.8 | 21.2 | 862 | 0.001 |
| One or more unknown | 33.0 | 35.0 | 19.3 | 12.7 | 12 767 | 0.001 |
| All unknown | 37.9 | 29.4 | 18.3 | 14.4 | 1 648 | 0.001 |
| Women | ||||||
| 0 | 1–9 | 10–39 | ⩾40 | |||
| (n=9391) | (n=7445) | (n=4848) | (n=4513) | Number | p Value4-150 | |
| Alcohol at least 3 drinks/day | 37.8 | 14.8 | 20.3 | 27.0 | 74 | 0.001 |
| Sedentary job | 28.3 | 28.7 | 20.7 | 22.2 | 11 742 | 0.001 |
| Hypertension | 44.7 | 23.7 | 15.5 | 16.0 | 4 069 | 0.001 |
| Diabetes | 49.8 | 21.7 | 12.9 | 15.5 | 566 | 0.001 |
| Exposure to occupational hazard(s) | ||||||
| None | 36.7 | 27.3 | 18.9 | 17.0 | 4 978 | 0.19 |
| Cleaning fluids, solvents | 28.7 | 32.7 | 20.6 | 18.0 | 2 638 | |
| Insect or plant sprays | 26.5 | 31.1 | 23.5 | 18.9 | 408 | 0.001 |
| Plastics or resin fumes | 25.3 | 31.3 | 22.3 | 21.1 | 431 | 0.001 |
| Asbestos, cement or grain dust | 26.7 | 28.3 | 21.9 | 23.0 | 769 | 0.001 |
| Silica (sandblasting, grinding) | 24.9 | 29.3 | 21.9 | 23.8 | 461 | 0.001 |
| Radiographs or radioactivity | 26.0 | 36.9 | 21.8 | 15.2 | 1 072 | 0.001 |
| Ultraviolet radiation | 21.6 | 37.5 | 20.1 | 20.8 | 264 | 0.07 |
| Lead on metal fumes | 28.9 | 27.9 | 20.3 | 22.7 | 290 | 0.02 |
| Very loud noise | 28.2 | 23.5 | 23.5 | 24.8 | 451 | 0.001 |
| Radar or microwave | 23.2 | 28.5 | 22.3 | 25.9 | 1 045 | 0.001 |
| One or more unknown | 36.1 | 28.6 | 18.1 | 17.0 | 19 956 | 0.01 |
| All unknown | 43.1 | 24.8 | 15.1 | 17.0 | 2 628 | 0.001 |
Table entries are row percentages;
↵4-150 by χ2analysis.