Table 4

Influence of sex, age and SES on the relation between change in psychosocial work environment and subsequent sick leaves

	Men Adjusted rate ratio (95% CI)^†	Women Adjusted rate ratio (95% CI)^†	Test for interaction	Age 18–41 years Adjusted rate ratio (95% CI)^†	Age 42–63 years Adjusted rate ratio (95% CI)^†	Test for interaction	Low income Adjusted rate ratio (95% CI)^†	High income Adjusted rate ratio (95% CI)^†	Test for interaction
Job control (total)^5-150			NS			p=0.001			p=0.037
Improved				1.00	1.00		1.00	1.00
Impaired				1.17 (1.04, 1.31)	1.54 (1.35, 1.76)		1.20 (1.08, 1.33)	1.48 (1.27, 1.72)
Skill discretion^5-150			p=0.024			NS			NS
Improved	1.00	1.00		—	—		—	—
Impaired	1.16 (0.93, 1.44)	1.39 (1.26, 1.53)
Decision authority^5-150			NS			p=0.041			NS
Improved				1.00	1.00		—	—
Impaired				1.17 (1.05, 1.30)	1.34 (1.19, 1.51)
Possibilities for participation^5-150			NS			p=0.003			p=0.012
Improved				1.00	1.00		1.00	1.00
Impaired				1.09 (0.90, 1.13)	1.31 (1.15, 1.49)		0.99 (0.88, 1.11)	1.25 (1.09, 1.43)
Predictability^5-150			NS			NS			p=0.047
Improved							1.00	1.00
Impaired							1.09 (0.99, 1.21)	1.30 (1.15, 1.47)
Social support (coworker)^5-150			p=0.021			NS			NS
Improved	1.00	1.00		—	—		—	—
Impaired	1.18 (0.99, 1.41)	1.37 (1.25, 1.49)
Social support (supervisor)^5-150			NS			p=0.045			NS
Improved				1.00	1.00		—	—
Impaired				1.04 (0.93, 1.17)	1.25 (1.12, 1.40)
Social support (coworker)^5-150			p=0.021			NS			NS
Improved	1.00	1.00		—	—		—	—
Impaired	1.18 (0.99, 1.41)	1.37 (1.25, 1.49)
Job demands (psychological)^5-150			NS			NS			NS
Increased	—	—		—	—		—	—
Decreased
Job demands (physical)^5-150			NS			NS			NS
Increased	—	—		—	—		—	—
Decreased

↵5-150 Cut off points refer to an increase of +0.5 SD compared with a decrease of −0.5 SD. ^†Rate ratios and their 95% confidence intervals adjusted for level of predictor before change, poor health habits (high alcohol consumption, smoking and sedentary lifestyle) and biological risk factors (high body mass index).