Urban compared with rural differences in reported health related variables, psychosocial variables, environmental characteristics, and physical advice to exercise
| Urban | Rural | χ2or t | |
| Health related variables: | |||
| Number of sick days in past month | |||
| Mean | 4.63 | 4.59 | 0.13 |
| SD | (8.63) | (8.72) | |
| Physical limitation (%) | 24.4 | 24.8 | 0.05 |
| Body mass index (kg/m2) | 27.1 | 28.4 | 4-160−5.04 |
| Psychosocial variables: | |||
| Perceived barriers (% who reported the barrier “often” or “very often”) | |||
| Others discourage me | 4.2 | 6.9 | 4-1507.62 |
| Self conscious about appearance | 19.4 | 18.6 | 0.23 |
| Afraid of injury | 12.9 | 17.1 | 4-1507.81 |
| Lack of time | 22.1 | 24.2 | 1.36 |
| Too tired | 19.8 | 23.4 | 4.36 |
| Lack a safe place | 17.8 | 22.5 | 4-1507.88 |
| Caregiving duties | 19.6 | 25.1 | 4-16010.33 |
| Bad weather | 8.9 | 10.9 | 2.64 |
| Not in good health | 14.8 | 17.5 | 2.94 |
| Lack energy | 21.0 | 23.9 | 2.84 |
| Number of perceived barriers rated as occurring “often” or “very often” | |||
| Mean | 1.61 | 1.87 | 4-160−3.77 |
| SD | (1.66) | (1.73) | |
| Social support for LTPA | |||
| Mean | 8.86 | 8.65 | 2.37 |
| SD | (2.20) | (2.03) | |
| Environmental characteristics (%): | |||
| Side walks | 79.5 | 15.2 | 4-160971.59 |
| Heavy traffic | 41.3 | 39.1 | 1.16 |
| Hills | 29.3 | 25.6 | 3.89 |
| Street lights | 80.9 | 31.9 | 4-160564.10 |
| Unattended dogs | 33.6 | 54.2 | 4-16098.71 |
| Enjoyable scenery | 84.2 | 85.6 | 1.00 |
| Frequently see others exercising | 73.7 | 51.6 | 4-160120.61 |
| High crime | 26.0 | 15.8 | 4-16036.98 |
| Access to facilities | 84.4 | 64.2 | 4-160122.31 |
| Physician advice to exercise (%): | 34.0 | 35.4 | 0.42 |