TY - JOUR T1 - Global systematic review of the effects of suicide prevention interventions in Indigenous peoples JF - Journal of Epidemiology and Community Health JO - J Epidemiol Community Health SP - 1050 LP - 1055 DO - 10.1136/jech-2019-212368 VL - 74 IS - 12 AU - Stuart Leske AU - Elise Paul AU - Mandy Gibson AU - Brock Little AU - Mark Wenitong AU - Kairi Kolves Y1 - 2020/12/01 UR - http://jech.bmj.com/content/74/12/1050.abstract N2 - Objective Suicide rates are often higher in Indigenous than in non-Indigenous peoples. This systematic review assessed the effects of suicide prevention interventions on suicide-related outcomes in Indigenous populations worldwide.Methods We searched CINAHL, Embase, PubMed, PsycINFO, ProQuest Dissertations & Theses and Web of Science from database inception to April 2020. Eligible were English language, empirical and peer-reviewed studies presenting original data assessing the primary outcomes of suicides and suicide attempts and secondary outcomes of suicidal ideation, intentional self-harm, suicide or intentional self-harm risk, composite measures of suicidality or reasons for life in experimental and quasi-experimental interventions with Indigenous populations worldwide. We assessed the risk of bias with the Cochrane Risk of Bias Tool and the Risk of Bias Assessment for Non-randomised Studies.Findings We included 24 studies from Australia, Canada, New Zealand and the USA, comprising 14 before–after studies, 4 randomised controlled trials (RCTs), 3 non-randomised controlled trials, 2 interrupted time-series designs and 1 cohort study. Suicides decreased in four and suicide attempts in six before–after studies. No studies had a low risk of bias. There was insufficient evidence to confirm the effectiveness of any one suicide prevention intervention due to shortage of studies, risk of bias, and population and intervention heterogeneity. Review limitations include language bias, no grey literature search and data availability bias.Conclusion For the primary outcomes of suicides and suicide attempts, the limited available evidence supports multilevel, multicomponent interventions. However, there are limited RCTs and controlled studies. ER -