RT Journal Article
SR Electronic
T1 Evaluating the effect of change in the built environment on mental health and subjective well-being: a natural experiment
JF Journal of Epidemiology and Community Health
JO J Epidemiol Community Health
FD BMJ Publishing Group Ltd
SP 631
OP 638
DO 10.1136/jech-2019-213591
VO 74
IS 8
A1 Bina Ram
A1 Elizabeth S Limb
A1 Aparna Shankar
A1 Claire M Nightingale
A1 Alicja R Rudnicka
A1 Steven Cummins
A1 Christelle Clary
A1 Daniel Lewis
A1 Ashley R Cooper
A1 Angie S Page
A1 Anne Ellaway
A1 Billie Giles-Corti
A1 Peter H Whincup
A1 Derek G Cook
A1 Christopher G Owen
YR 2020
UL http://jech.bmj.com/content/74/8/631.abstract
AB Background Neighbourhood characteristics may affect mental health and well-being, but longitudinal evidence is limited. We examined the effect of relocating to East Village (the former London 2012 Olympic Athletes’ Village), repurposed to encourage healthy active living, on mental health and well-being.Methods 1278 adults seeking different housing tenures in East village were recruited and examined during 2013–2015. 877 (69%) were followed-up after 2  years; 50% had moved to East Village. Analysis examined change in objective measures of the built environment, neighbourhood perceptions (scored from low to high; quality −12 to 12, safety −10 to 10 units), self-reported mental health (depression and anxiety) and well-being (life satisfaction, life being worthwhile and happiness) among East Village participants compared with controls who did not move to East Village. Follow-up measures were regressed on baseline for each outcome with group status as a binary variable, adjusted for age, sex, ethnicity, housing tenure and household clustering (random effect).Results Participants who moved to East Village lived closer to their nearest park (528 m, 95% CI 482 to 575 m), in more walkable areas, and had better access to public transport, compared with controls. Living in East Village was associated with marked improvements in neighbourhood perceptions (quality 5.0, 95% CI 4.5 to 5.4 units; safety 3.4, 95% CI 2.9 to 3.9 units), but there was no overall effect on mental health and well-being outcomes.Conclusion Despite large improvements in the built environment, there was no evidence that moving to East Village improved mental health and well-being. Changes in the built environment alone are insufficient to improve mental health and well-being.