PT  - JOURNAL ARTICLE
AU  - Bjørn Heine Strand
AU  - Rachel Cooper
AU  - Astrid Bergland
AU  - Lone Jørgensen
AU  - Henrik Schirmer
AU  - Vegard Skirbekk
AU  - Nina Emaus
TI  - The association of grip strength from midlife onwards with all-cause and cause-specific mortality over 17 years of follow-up in the Tromsø Study
AID  - 10.1136/jech-2015-206776
DP  - 2016 Dec 01
TA  - Journal of Epidemiology and Community Health
PG  - 1214--1221
VI  - 70
IP  - 12
4099  - http://jech.bmj.com/content/70/12/1214.short
4100  - http://jech.bmj.com/content/70/12/1214.full
SO  - J Epidemiol Community Health2016 Dec 01; 70
AB  - Background Grip strength has consistently been found to predict all-cause mortality rates. However, few studies have examined cause-specific mortality or tested age differences in these associations.Methods In 1994, grip strength was measured in the population-based Tromsø Study, covering the ages 50–80 years (N=6850). Grip strength was categorised into fifths, and as z-scores. In this cohort study, models with all-cause mortality and deaths from specific causes as the outcome were performed, stratified by sex and age using Cox regression, adjusting for lifestyle-related and health-related factors.Results During 17 years of follow-up, 2338 participants died. A 1 SD reduction in grip strength was associated with HR=1.17 (95% CI 1.12 to 1.22) for all-cause mortality in a model adjusted for age, gender and body size. This association was similar across all age groups, in men and women, and robust to adjustment for a range of lifestyle-related and health-related factors. Results for deaths due to cardiovascular disease (CVD), respiratory diseases and external causes resembled those for all-cause mortality, while for cancer, the association was much weaker and not significant after adjustment for lifestyle-related and health-related factors.Conclusions Weaker grip strength was associated with increased all-cause mortality rates, with similar effects on deaths due to CVD, respiratory disease and external causes, while a much weaker association was observed for cancer-related deaths. These associations were similar in both genders and across age groups, which supports the hypothesis that grip strength might be a biomarker of ageing over the lifespan.