PT  - JOURNAL ARTICLE
AU  - ST Adedokun
AU  - VT Adekanmbi
AU  - OA Uthman
AU  - R Lilford
TI  - OP33 Contextual Factors Associated with Health Care Service Utilisation for Children in Nigeria: A Multilevel Analysis
AID  - 10.1136/jech-2016-208064.33
DP  - 2016 Sep 01
TA  - Journal of Epidemiology and Community Health
PG  - A22--A22
VI  - 70
IP  - Suppl 1
4099  - http://jech.bmj.com/content/70/Suppl_1/A22.2.short
4100  - http://jech.bmj.com/content/70/Suppl_1/A22.2.full
SO  - J Epidemiol Community Health2016 Sep 01; 70
AB  - Background The leading causes of high under-five mortality in Nigeria are infectious diseases which could be easily prevented and treated through health care services utilisation. There is poor utilisation of these services and most studies examining its determinants have focused on individual factors. The objective of this study is to examine the independent contribution of individual-, community- and state-level factors to health care service utilisation for children in Nigeria.Methods The study was based on secondary analyses of cross-sectional population-based data from the 2013 Nigeria Demographic and Health Survey. The survey used a three-stage cluster sampling technique. The first stage involved selecting 896 clusters with a probability proportional to the size; the size being the number of households in the cluster. The second stage involved the systematic sampling of households from the selected clusters. The third stage involved the distribution of the households in each state proportionately among its urban and rural areas. A total of 40,680 households were finally sampled with 16,740 and 23,940 from urban and rural areas respectively. Data were collected by visiting households and administering questionnaires. Multilevel logistic regression models were applied to the data on 31,482 under-five children who used or did not use health care service when they were sick (level 1), nested within 896 communities (level 2) from 37 districts (level 3). All multilevel modelling were performed using MLwiN calling Stata statistical software from windows version 14.Results About one-quarter of the mothers were between 15 and 24 years old and almost half of them did not have formal education (47%). Close to 67% of the children lived in the rural area. In the fully adjusted model, mothers with higher education attainment (OR = 1.66, 95% CI 1.37–1.95), from richer households (OR = 1.32, 95% CI 1.04–1.63), with access to media (radio, television or magazine), and living in ethnic diverse communities (OR = 1.04, 95% CI 1.01–1.07) were significantly more likely to have used healthcare services for acute childhood illnesses.Conclusion Our study revealed that utilisation of healthcare service for acute childhood illnesses was influenced by not only maternal factors but also various community- and state-level factors, suggesting that public health strategies should recognise these complex web of individual composition and contextual composition factors to guide provision of healthcare services. The study was limited due to inability to measure the impact of residential changes over time. Further research should consider longitudinal study.