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Validation of a population coronary disease predictive system: the CASSANDRA model
  1. Maria Grau1,
  2. Isaac Subirana1,2,
  3. Joan Vila1,2,
  4. Roberto Elosua1,
  5. Rafel Ramos3,4,
  6. Joan Sala5,
  7. Irene R Dégano1,
  8. Ricard Tresserras6,
  9. Oscar Bielsa7,
  10. Jaume Marrugat1
  1. 1Cardiovascular Epidemiology and Genetics Group, IMIM (Hospital del Mar Medical Research Institute), Barcelona, Spain
  2. 2CIBER Epidemiology and Public Health (CIBERESP), Barcelona, Spain
  3. 3Docent and Research Unit of Family Medicine, IDIAP Jordi Gol (University Institute in Primary Care Research Jordi Gol), Girona, Spain
  4. 4Departament of Medicine, University of Girona, Girona, Spain
  5. 5Cardiology Unit, University Hospital Josep Trueta, Girona, Spain
  6. 6Departament of Health, Government of Catalonia, Barcelona, Spain
  7. 7Department of Urology, Hospital del Mar, Barcelona, Spain
  1. Correspondence to Dr Maria Grau, Cardiovascular Epidemiology and Genetics Group, IMIM (Hospital del Mar Medical Research Institute), 88 Dr Aiguader Street, Barcelona 08003, Spain; mgrau{at}imim.es

Abstract

Background The use of validated multivariate cardiovascular predictive models in a population setting is of interest for public health policy makers. We aimed to validate the estimations of the CASSANDRA model (coronary heart disease (CHD) incidence and CHD risk distribution), considering the population changes in age, sex and CHD risk factors prevalence in a 10-year period.

Methods We compared the projected CHD incidence estimated with CASSANDRA with that observed in the Girona Heart Registry (REGICOR) for 1995–2004 and 2000–2009 in the population of Girona (Spain) aged 35–74 years. We used official age and sex distributions for this population. Baseline cardiovascular risk factors prevalence and the distribution of cardiovascular risk were obtained from three cross-sectional studies performed in 1995, 2000 and 2005. To validate the future distribution of cardiovascular risk, we tested the yearly CHD risk variance over the study period.

Results No significant differences between the estimated and observed annual CHD incidence per 100 000 men were found in 1995–2004 (CASSANDRA=457.8 and REGICOR=420.3, incidence rate ratio (IRR) (95% CI)=0.92 (0.89 to 0.96)) and in 2000–2009 (441.4 and 409.6, respectively, IRR=0.93 (0.90 to 0.96)). However, overpredictions of 18% and 22%, respectively, were observed in women (198.8 and 160.4, IRR=0.82 (0.77 to 0.86), and 197.1 and 152.8, IRR=0.78 (0.74 to 0.83), respectively). No significant differences were found in the CHD risk variance in the three different cross-sectional studies.

Conclusions The CASSANDRA model produces valid estimates, particularly in men, of the future burden of disease and in the distribution of cardiovascular risk in individuals aged 35–74 years.

Keywords
  • Cardiovascular Diseases
  • Coronary Disease
  • Epidemiology
  • Health Planning
  • Risk Factors

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