Skip to main content
Subscribe
Log In
More
Log in via Institution
Log in via OpenAthens
Log in using your username and password
For personal accounts OR managers of institutional accounts
Username
*
Password
*
Forgot your log in details?
Register a new account?
Forgot
your user name or password?
Basket
Search
More
Search for this keyword
Advanced search
Latest content
Current issue
Archive
Authors
About
Search for this keyword
Advanced search
Close
More
Main menu
Latest content
Current issue
Archive
Authors
About
Subscribe
Log in
More
Log in via Institution
Log in via OpenAthens
Log in using your username and password
For personal accounts OR managers of institutional accounts
Username
*
Password
*
Forgot your log in details?
Register a new account?
Forgot
your user name or password?
BMJ Journals
You are here
Home
Archive
Volume 48, Issue 1
Epidemiology and causation: a realist view.
Email alerts
Article metrics
Article menu
Article
Text
Article
info
Citation
Tools
Share
Rapid Responses
Article
metrics
Alerts
PDF
Research Article
Epidemiology and causation: a realist view.
Free
Online download statistics by month:
Online download statistics by month: May 2000 to August 2023
Abstract
Full
Pdf
May 2000
1
0
0
Jun 2000
1
0
0
Sep 2000
1
0
0
Oct 2000
2
0
0
Nov 2000
4
0
0
Dec 2000
3
0
0
Jan 2001
4
0
0
Feb 2001
2
0
0
Mar 2001
5
0
0
Apr 2001
2
0
0
May 2001
1
0
0
Jun 2001
1
0
0
Jul 2001
1
0
0
Aug 2001
2
0
0
Sep 2001
1
0
0
Oct 2001
1
0
0
Nov 2001
1
0
0
Dec 2001
2
0
0
Jan 2002
8
0
0
Feb 2002
1
0
0
Mar 2002
1
0
0
May 2002
3
0
0
Jun 2002
2
0
0
Aug 2002
1
0
0
Sep 2002
1
0
0
Dec 2002
3
0
0
Jan 2003
5
0
0
Feb 2003
3
0
0
Apr 2003
4
0
0
May 2003
2
0
0
Jun 2003
3
0
0
Jul 2003
3
0
0
Aug 2003
6
0
0
Sep 2003
13
0
0
Oct 2003
15
0
0
Nov 2003
2
0
0
Dec 2003
6
0
0
Jan 2004
17
0
0
Feb 2004
4
0
0
Mar 2004
10
0
0
Apr 2004
9
0
0
May 2004
6
0
0
Jun 2004
14
0
0
Jul 2004
19
0
0
Aug 2004
7
0
0
Sep 2004
7
0
0
Oct 2004
6
0
0
Nov 2004
11
0
0
Dec 2004
19
0
0
Jan 2005
15
0
0
Feb 2005
8
0
0
Mar 2005
15
0
0
Apr 2005
9
0
0
May 2005
3
0
0
Jun 2005
8
0
0
Jul 2005
2
0
0
Aug 2005
9
0
0
Sep 2005
3
0
0
Oct 2005
15
0
0
Nov 2005
7
0
0
Dec 2005
12
0
0
Jan 2006
8
0
0
Feb 2006
7
0
0
Mar 2006
2
0
0
Apr 2006
18
0
0
May 2006
18
0
0
Jun 2006
10
0
0
Jul 2006
3
0
0
Aug 2006
11
0
0
Sep 2006
13
0
0
Oct 2006
20
0
0
Nov 2006
21
0
0
Dec 2006
7
0
0
Jan 2007
26
0
0
Feb 2007
16
0
0
Mar 2007
12
0
0
Apr 2007
30
0
0
May 2007
19
0
0
Jun 2007
16
0
0
Jul 2007
18
0
0
Aug 2007
12
0
0
Sep 2007
31
0
0
Oct 2007
35
0
0
Nov 2007
14
0
0
Dec 2007
25
0
0
Jan 2008
18
0
0
Feb 2008
28
0
0
Mar 2008
18
0
0
Apr 2008
25
0
0
May 2008
13
0
0
Jun 2008
13
0
0
Jul 2008
9
0
0
Aug 2008
8
0
0
Sep 2008
18
0
0
Oct 2008
6
0
0
Nov 2008
7
0
2
Dec 2008
12
0
8
Jan 2009
3
0
2
Feb 2009
11
0
5
Mar 2009
22
0
17
Apr 2009
13
0
14
May 2009
14
0
8
Jun 2009
6
0
8
Jul 2009
16
0
6
Aug 2009
18
0
5
Sep 2009
16
0
16
Oct 2009
33
0
17
Nov 2009
30
0
11
Dec 2009
11
0
5
Jan 2010
19
0
7
Feb 2010
15
0
8
Mar 2010
28
0
18
Apr 2010
21
0
10
May 2010
17
0
6
Jun 2010
23
0
11
Jul 2010
22
0
12
Aug 2010
13
0
6
Sep 2010
12
0
5
Oct 2010
12
0
11
Nov 2010
37
0
5
Dec 2010
15
0
7
Jan 2011
14
0
3
Feb 2011
17
0
6
Mar 2011
15
0
10
Apr 2011
37
0
15
May 2011
24
1
17
Jun 2011
15
0
6
Jul 2011
10
0
3
Aug 2011
11
1
2
Sep 2011
17
0
10
Oct 2011
15
0
5
Nov 2011
25
1
13
Dec 2011
9
0
16
Jan 2012
14
0
22
Feb 2012
4
0
10
Mar 2012
14
0
17
Apr 2012
6
0
35
May 2012
18
0
118
Jun 2012
4
0
37
Jul 2012
12
1
35
Aug 2012
10
0
27
Sep 2012
16
0
48
Oct 2012
18
0
48
Nov 2012
9
0
35
Dec 2012
22
0
20
Jan 2013
22
0
22
Feb 2013
21
0
36
Mar 2013
29
0
32
Apr 2013
23
0
29
May 2013
23
0
75
Jun 2013
23
0
36
Jul 2013
13
0
37
Aug 2013
9
0
13
Sep 2013
9
0
12
Oct 2013
12
0
15
Nov 2013
10
0
43
Dec 2013
8
0
36
Jan 2014
14
0
39
Feb 2014
22
0
35
Mar 2014
10
0
31
Apr 2014
8
0
20
May 2014
11
1
58
Jun 2014
9
0
19
Jul 2014
6
1
31
Aug 2014
25
1
13
Sep 2014
10
0
3
Oct 2014
12
0
5
Nov 2014
7
1
6
Dec 2014
1
0
3
Jan 2015
13
0
7
Feb 2015
7
0
10
Mar 2015
12
0
6
Apr 2015
10
0
6
May 2015
20
0
23
Jun 2015
3
0
26
Jul 2015
11
0
21
Aug 2015
3
0
10
Sep 2015
19
0
10
Oct 2015
10
0
3
Nov 2015
2
0
2
Dec 2015
7
0
3
Jan 2016
3
0
1
Feb 2016
3
0
6
Mar 2016
10
0
12
Apr 2016
3
0
3
May 2016
17
0
7
Jun 2016
8
0
9
Aug 2016
3
0
9
Sep 2016
11
0
10
Oct 2016
9
0
5
Nov 2016
7
1
7
Dec 2016
17
0
6
Jan 2017
12
0
3
Feb 2017
18
0
5
Mar 2017
10
0
6
Apr 2017
6
0
3
May 2017
8
0
7
Jun 2017
15
0
6
Jul 2017
14
0
4
Aug 2017
18
0
7
Sep 2017
22
0
2
Oct 2017
20
0
12
Nov 2017
38
0
7
Dec 2017
22
0
8
Jan 2018
48
0
5
Feb 2018
14
0
3
Mar 2018
30
0
3
Apr 2018
22
0
8
May 2018
14
0
5
Jun 2018
12
0
8
Jul 2018
58
0
7
Aug 2018
24
0
10
Sep 2018
16
0
7
Oct 2018
10
0
2
Nov 2018
12
0
20
Dec 2018
12
0
6
Jan 2019
22
0
3
Feb 2019
19
0
5
Mar 2019
28
0
19
Apr 2019
22
0
6
May 2019
36
0
13
Jun 2019
22
0
9
Jul 2019
6
0
5
Aug 2019
22
0
6
Sep 2019
10
0
5
Oct 2019
26
0
12
Nov 2019
30
0
9
Dec 2019
12
0
9
Jan 2020
14
0
6
Feb 2020
12
0
4
Mar 2020
12
0
10
Apr 2020
16
0
13
May 2020
22
0
9
Jun 2020
14
0
6
Jul 2020
16
0
5
Aug 2020
16
0
9
Sep 2020
32
0
32
Oct 2020
12
0
10
Nov 2020
28
0
10
Dec 2020
14
0
8
Jan 2021
30
0
13
Feb 2021
22
0
17
Mar 2021
16
0
14
Apr 2021
8
0
4
May 2021
0
0
8
Jun 2021
0
0
13
Jul 2021
0
0
9
Aug 2021
0
0
11
Sep 2021
0
0
12
Oct 2021
32
0
26
Nov 2021
14
0
22
Dec 2021
16
0
11
Jan 2022
26
0
16
Feb 2022
24
0
12
Mar 2022
18
0
9
Apr 2022
40
0
16
May 2022
42
0
19
Jun 2022
32
0
5
Jul 2022
22
0
5
Aug 2022
42
0
4
Sep 2022
78
0
15
Oct 2022
86
0
5
Nov 2022
24
0
8
Dec 2022
24
0
6
Jan 2023
46
0
15
Feb 2023
32
0
12
Mar 2023
20
0
4
Apr 2023
40
0
11
May 2023
22
0
8
Jun 2023
12
0
0
Jul 2023
20
0
6
Aug 2023
28
0
12
Total
4001
9
2364
Read the full text or download the PDF:
Subscribe
Log in
Log in via Institution
Log in via OpenAthens
Log in using your username and password
For personal accounts OR managers of institutional accounts
Username
*
Password
*
Forgot your log in details?
Register a new account?
Forgot
your user name or password?
PDF