Background: The aim of the study was to investigate the association of the use of commonly prescribed antibiotics with prevalence of Helicobacter pylori infection in a population of adult outpatients.
Methods: All patients aged 15-79 years who visited the practice of a general practitioner (GP) between June and September 1996 in a suburban community near Ulm, a city in southern Germany, were asked to participate in the study. Infection status was determined with a 13C-urea breath test. In addition, the patients were asked to fill out a self-administered questionnaire.
Results: Overall, 475 outpatients were included in the study (response, 94.1%). A total of 266 patients (56.0%) reported a history of antibiotic treatment within the past 5 years, whereas 147 patients (30.9%) did not (62 patients (13.1%) did not know). Prevalence of infection in patients with a history of antibiotic medication during the past 5 years was 23.3%, whereas the prevalence of infection was 20.4% in subjects without antibiotic treatment (P = 0.283 after stratification for age). Control for other potential confounders by multivariable analysis did not materially alter the results.
Conclusion: Coincidental antibiotic treatment is not associated with H. pylori prevalence in adults.