Lindane (gamma-benzene-hexachloride) has been widely used as an antiscabetic and a pediculicidal agent for the past 50 years with reasonably good efficacy. After its initial use as a first-line therapy, there have been several reports of its neurotoxicity, especially among infants and young children. Literature review reveals that the risk of its neurotoxicity is minimal if used properly and strictly according to the prescribed recommendations. However, following availability of other safer and equally efficacious alternatives, it is now being regarded as a second-line therapy for scabies and pediculosis.