The relationship between glaucoma and myopia: The blue mountains eye study☆
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Methods
The Blue Mountains Eye Study is a population-based survey of age-related eye diseases in residents of an urban population in the Blue Mountains region, west of Sydney, Australia. Survey methods were described previously.24, 26, 27 All permanent noninstitutionalized residents 49 years of age or older were identified in a door-to-door census. Of 4433 eligible residents, 3654 (82.4%) were examined from 1992 to 1994. After excluding persons who died or left the area during the survey and could not
Results
Definite or probable glaucoma was diagnosed in 108 persons (3%); the prevalence increased exponentially with age.24 Among persons diagnosed with glaucoma, 72 (66.7%) had typical glaucomatous field loss in the right eye and 88 (81.5%) had field loss in the left eye (total, 160 eyes). After nonphakic eyes were excluded, a total of 126 eyes had diagnostic glaucomatous field loss and could be used for analysis. The OH was found in 135 participants, a prevalence of 3.7% (CI, 3.1–4.3) but with no
Discussion
This population-based study of an Australian white community has found a strong relationship between open-angle glaucoma and myopia, after taking into account the effects of other known glaucoma risk factors. This association was present for eyes with low myopia (OR, 2.3) and was stronger (OR, 3.3) for eyes with moderate-to-high myopia, suggesting a dose response. The consistency of these findings provides support for the hypothesis of a true relationship between the two conditions.
It may be
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Supported by the Australian Department of Health and Family Services and the Save Sight Institute, University of Sydney, Sydney, Australia.