Elsevier

Bone

Volume 8, Issue 1, 1987, Pages 1-6
Bone

Original article
Mineral homeostasis in neonates of streptozotocin-induced noninsulin-dependent diabetic rats and in their mothers during pregnancy and lactation

https://doi.org/10.1016/8756-3282(87)90124-4Get rights and content

Abstract

To assess the affect of mild diabetes on calcium metabolism in an animal model, we evaluated calcium homeostasis before pregnancy and during gestation and lactation in non-insulindependent (NIDD) diabetic rat mothers and their neonates (NeoDM). Plasma glucose, calcium (Ca), magnesium (Mg), phosphate (Pi), and immunoreactive parathyroid hormone (iPTH) were measured in the NIDD rats and controls before pregnancy, during the first, second, and third gestational week, and during lactation 12, 24, 48 and 72 h postpartum. The same measurements were performed on NeoDM and controls 12, 24, 48 and 72 h after birth. In the mothers, plasma calcitonin was assayed before pregnancy and at 72 h postpartum. Higher plasma glucose values before pregnancy (216 ± 9 mg/dl vs 126 ± 4) and during the second (105 ± 5 vs 73 ± 6) and third (114 ± 8 vs 91 ± 3) gestational week were observed in diabetic mothers when compared to controls. Glucose values decreased during the second and third gestational week in both groups compared to pregestational values. Plasma Ca, Mg and Pi were similar in both groups during gestation and lactation except for the third gestational week when plasma Mg was lower in the diabetic mothers (P < 0.05). Plasma iPTH rose to similar values in both groups during pregnancy. During lactation, plasma iPTH levels were higher and plasma calcitonin levels were lower compared to controls (P < .05, P < 0.01, respectively). The neonates of both diabetic and control mothers had similar plasma Ca and Mg levels. Lowest Ca values were observed in both groups in the first 12 h postpartum. The values increased in 24 h in the controls and 48 h in the NeoDM. Plasma Pi was higher in the NeoDM only at 48 and 72 h (P < 0.02, P < 0.001). Plasma iPTH values were higher in the NeoDM in the first 12 h (P < 0.02). These data suggest that in the rat a mild diabetic state does not affect Ca homeostasis in the mothers during gestation but possibly does affect Ca homeostasis during lactation. Ca homeostasis is also affected in neonates of NIDD mothers during the first 12 h of life, manifested by higher than normal iPTH levels. These later findings raise the possibility of decreased end organ sensitivity to PTH in neonates of NIDD mothers in the first 12 h of life.

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