Early life cognition and odds of ever tying smoking and alcohol at age 11 (n=8129)
| Model 1 OR (95% CI) | Model 2 OR (95% CI) | |
| Ever smoked | ||
| Verbal ability | 0.70 (0.59 to 0.84) | 0.69 (0.57 to 0.84) |
| Non-verbal ability | 1.03 (0.88 to 1.19) | 1.14 (0.97 to 1.33) |
| Spatial ability | 0.88 (0.76 to 1.02) | 0.94 (0.80 to 1.12) |
| Ever consumed alcohol | ||
| Verbal ability | 1.06 (0.98 to 1.15) | 1.09 (1.00 to 1.19) |
| Non-verbal ability | 0.93 (0.87 to 1.00) | 0.92 (0.85 to 0.99) |
| Spatial ability | 1.00 (0.93 to 1.07) | 1.00 (0.92 to 1.08) |
ORs reflect the likelihood of having ever smoked and having ever consumed alcohol per 1 SD increase in cognition score.
Model 1 included only one cognitive measure as an exposure per regression and adjusted for age, sex, maternal smoking status during pregnancy, income, maternal qualifications, ethnicity and strengths and difficulties score.
Model 2 adjusted for variables in model 1 and included all cognitive scores at ages 3–11 as exposure measures.