ICD-10 code | Homeless (n=617) | Control group (n=1240) | sHR (95% CI) | |
N (%) | N (%) | |||
Diseases and medical causes | 183 (63.8%) | 114 (82.6%) | ||
Cardiovascular system | I00–I99 | 51 (17.8%) | 42 (30.4%) | 2.51 (1.67 to 3.77)* |
Ischaemic heart disease | I20–I25 | 24 | 32 | |
Other diseases of the heart | I30–I52 | 14 | 6 | |
Cerebrovascular diseases | I60–I69 | 9 | 0 | |
Other diseases of the cardiovascular system | I00–I15, I26–I28, I70–I99 | 4 | 4 | |
Neoplasms | C00–D99 | 38 (13.2%) | 39 (28.3%) | 1.98 (1.27 to 3.10)* |
Malignant neoplasm of the lungs | C32–C34 | 13 | 8 | |
Other neoplasms | C00–C31, C35–D99 | 25 | 31 | |
Digestive system | K00–K99 | 40 (13.9%) | 10 (7.2%) | 8.22 (4.11 to 16.43)* |
Alcoholic liver disease | K70 | 36 | 7 | |
Other diseases of the digestive system | K00–K69, K71–K99 | 4 | 3 | |
Respiratory system | J00–J99 | 15 (5.2%) | 9 (6.5%) | 3.37 (1.47 to 7.49)* |
Pneumonias | J12–J18, J849 | 6 | 2 | |
Bronchitis and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease | J40–J44 | 7 | 6 | |
Other diseases of the pulmonary system | J00–J11, J19–J39, J45–J848, J85–J99 | 2 | 1 | |
Other deaths from diseases and medical causes | 39 (13.6%) | 14 (10.1%) | 5.73 (3.11 to 10.54)* | |
Infectious disease | A00–B99 | 10 | 0 | |
Mental disorders due to SUDs | F10–F19 | 13 | 1 | |
Dementia | F01, F03, G30, R54 | 2 | 6 | |
Other deaths from diseases and medical causes | E00–E99, Q00–Q99, G00–G29, G31–G99 | 14 | 7 | |
External causes | V01–Y98 | 98 (34.1%) | 19 (13.8%) | |
Accidental poisoning | X40–X49 | 49 (17.1%) | 4 (2.9%) | 25.45 (9.19 to 70.48)* |
Alcohol poisoning | X45 | 35 | 3 | |
Accidental poisoning (other than alcohol) | X40–X44, X46–X49 | 14 | 1 | |
Other external causes | V01–X39, X50–Y98 | 49 (17.1%) | 15 (10.9%) | 6.79 (3.81 to 12.09)* |
Accident by falling | W00–W19 | 17 | 3 | |
Suicide | X60–X84 | 7 | 8 | |
Homicide | X85–Y09 | 7 | 1 | |
Drowning | W69–W70 | 4 | 0 | |
Aspiration of food or gastric contents | W78–W79 | 4 | 0 | |
Other accidents | V01–V99, V14, W79, W83, X31, Y86, Y89 | 10 | 3 | |
Unknown cause | 6 (2.1%) | 5 (3.6%) | 2.41 (0.7 to 7.88)* |
*Competing event=death by other cause of death.
sHR, sub-HR; SUD, substance use disorder.