RRR* from the USA and England wealth models
| Under 65 | Over 65 | |||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| RRR | SE | p>z | RRR | SE | p>z | |
| England wealth model† | ||||||
| Uncontrolled hypertension‡ | ||||||
| Wealth model (England) | ||||||
| 1 Poorest quintile | 1 | 1 | ||||
| 2 | 0.87 | 0.21 | 0.56 | 1.27 | 0.25 | 0.23 |
| 3 | 1.00 | 0.25 | 1.00 | 1.15 | 0.22 | 0.47 |
| 4 | 1.56 | 0.36 | 0.05 | 1.25 | 0.25 | 0.26 |
| 5 Richest quintile | 1.08 | 0.25 | 0.76 | 1.29 | 0.26 | 0.20 |
| Undiagnosed hypertension‡ | ||||||
| Wealth model (England) | ||||||
| 1 Poorest quintile | 1 | 1 | ||||
| 2 | 1.19 | 0.29 | 0.47 | 0.89 | 0.19 | 0.58 |
| 3 | 1.46 | 0.37 | 0.13 | 0.92 | 0.20 | 0.71 |
| 4 | 1.68 | 0.41 | 0.03 | 0.96 | 0.21 | 0.84 |
| 5 Richest quintile | 1.58 | 0.38 | 0.06 | 1.36 | 0.29 | 0.15 |
| US wealth model† | ||||||
| Uncontrolled hypertension‡ | ||||||
| Wealth model (USA) | ||||||
| 1 Poorest quintile | 1 | 1 | ||||
| 2 | 1.07 | 0.23 | 0.75 | 0.98 | 0.14 | 0.91 |
| 3 | 0.80 | 0.19 | 0.34 | 1.00 | 0.14 | 0.98 |
| 4 | 0.65 | 0.17 | 0.10 | 0.73 | 0.11 | 0.03 |
| 5 Richest quintile | 0.57 | 0.15 | 0.04 | 0.78 | 0.12 | 0.10 |
| Undiagnosed hypertension‡ | ||||||
| Wealth model (USA) | ||||||
| 1 Poorest quintile | 1 | 1 | ||||
| 2 | 1.58 | 0.48 | 0.13 | 1.07 | 0.23 | 0.77 |
| 3 | 1.46 | 0.47 | 0.24 | 1.21 | 0.26 | 0.39 |
| 4 | 2.26 | 0.72 | 0.01 | 1.24 | 0.26 | 0.30 |
| 5 Richest quintile | 2.43 | 0.77 | 0.01 | 1.07 | 0.23 | 0.76 |
*The relative risk ratios are the exponential of the coefficients in the multinomial logistic regression. They give the relative risk of switching between explanatory variable categories on being in a category of the response variable compared to the reference category. For example, in the wealth model (under the age of 65), the relative risk ratio of switching from the poorest quintile to the richest quintile is 0.57 for being in the uncontrolled hypertension category versus the controlled hypertension category (reference). In other words, the expected risk of staying in the uncontrolled hypertension category (as opposed to the reference of controlled hypertension) is lower for the richest individuals compared to the poorest individuals.
†Models control for age, sex, wealth, ethnicity (white, Non-White), BMI and are fitted separately for each country and for each age groups (50–64 and 65+).
‡The reference category is controlled hypertension.
BMI, body mass index; RRR, relative risk ratios.