Study population | Age category | Gender | Exposure zone | ||
---|---|---|---|---|---|
High | Intermediate | Control | |||
Total population-at-risk (%)* | ≤1 year | F | 1267 (13.6) | 1366 (16.4) | 1307 (17.2) |
M | 1293 (13.9) | 1421 (17.1) | 1334 (17.5) | ||
>1 to ≤14 years | F | 1769 (19.0) | 1873 (22.5) | 1690 (22.2) | |
M | 2699 (29.0) | 2173 (26.1) | 1944 (25.6) | ||
>14 to <20 years | F | 592 (6.4) | 565 (6.8) | 482 (6.3) | |
M | 1683 (18.1) | 912 (11.0) | 845 (11.1) | ||
Socioeconomic indicators† | Mean ‘no education’ % (SD) | 67.8 (19.2) | 49.9 (6.1) | 53.4 (17) | |
Mean ‘high education’ %‡ (SD) | 3.4 (2.4) | 4.5 (1.3) | 1.9 (2.4) | ||
Mean ‘employment’ % (SD) | 83.4 (9.4) | 73.7 (3.5) | 71.9 (11.7) | ||
ARD monthly visits (%)§ | ≤1 year | F | 6438 (8.1) | 5988 (8.1) | 1929 (8.5) |
M | 8949 (11.2) | 8837 (12.0) | 2562 (11.3) | ||
>1 to ≤14 years | F | 24 255 (30.4) | 21 982 (29.8) | 7048 (31.1) | |
M | 31 336 (39.3) | 28 556 (38.8) | 8968 (39.6) | ||
>14 to <20 years | F | 3476 (4.4) | 3247 (4.4) | 820 (3.6) | |
M | 5233 (6.6) | 5080 (6.9) | 1308 (5.8) | ||
Asthma monthly visits (%) | ≤1 year | F | 25 (1.4) | 17 (1.1) | 7 (1.8) |
M | 42 (2.4) | 50 (3.3) | 13 (3.2) | ||
>1 to ≤14 years | F | 566 (32.3) | 463 (30.1) | 114 (28.4) | |
M | 937 (53.5) | 779 (50.7) | 209 (52.1) | ||
>14 to <20 years | F | 68 (3.9) | 83 (5.4) | 33 (8.2) | |
M | 115 (6.6) | 144 (9.4) | 25 (6.2) | ||
Conjunctivitis monthly visits (%) | ≤1 year | F | 396 (11.2) | 287 (8.9) | 100 (10.4) |
M | 492 (13.9) | 463 (14.4) | 156 (16.2) | ||
>1 to ≤14 years | F | 853 (24.1) | 742 (23.1) | 239 (24.8) | |
M | 1225 (34.7) | 1111 (34.6) | 346 (35.9) | ||
>14 to <20 years | F | 224 (6.3) | 229 (7.1) | 41 (4.3) | |
M | 345 (9.8) | 382 (11.9) | 81 (8.4) | ||
Dermatitis monthly visits (%) | ≤1 year | F | 559 (11.4) | 354 (9.9) | 156 (11.4) |
M | 727 (14.9) | 587 (16.3) | 256 (18.7) | ||
>1 to ≤14 years | F | 1359 (27.8) | 927 (25.8) | 360 (26.3) | |
M | 1681 (34.4) | 1265 (35.2) | 430 (31.4) | ||
>14 to <20 years | F | 235 (4.8) | 164 (4.6) | 68 (5.0) | |
M | 326 (6.7) | 296 (8.2) | 99 (7.2) |
Population ages <20 years, Sohar and Liwa provinces, Oman, 2006–2010.
*Percentage to the total counts in the exposure zone.
†Showing the mean percentage of the respective SES in the villages of each exposure zone with the SD.
‡High education: individuals with a bachelor's degree and above.
§Percentage to the total counts in the exposure zone. The total number of villages in the study is 59; 8 are located in the high exposure zone; 4 are located in the intermediate zone; the remaining 47 smaller villages are located in the control zone.
ARD, acute respiratory diseases; F, female; M, male; SES, socioeconomic status.