Characteristics of the participants
| Newborn’s sex (median (IQR) or n (%)) | |||
|---|---|---|---|
| Characteristics | Boys (n=65) | Girls (n=63) | p Value |
| Maternal age (years) | 33 (30–36) | 34 (32–38) | 0.083 |
| Maternal body mass index (kg/m2) | 20 (19–23) | 20 (19–22) | 0.816 |
| Gestational period (days) | 275 (268–280) | 277 (270–282) | 0.277 |
| Caesarean section | |||
| No | 46 (70.8) | 41 (65.1) | 0.490 |
| Yes | 19 (29.2) | 22 (34.9) | |
| Delivery experience | |||
| No | 17 (26.2) | 16 (25.4) | 0.922 |
| Yes | 48 (73.8) | 47 (74.6) | |
| Income (US$/month) | |||
| 1000–2999 | 17 (28.3) | 14 (26.9) | 0.891 |
| 3000–5999 | 27 (45.0) | 22 (42.3) | |
| ≥6000 | 16 (26.7) | 16 (30.8) | |
| Birth weight (kg) | 3.3 (3.1–3.5) | 3.2 (3.1–3.4) | 0.272 |
| Birth length (cm) | 50 (49–52) | 50 (48–52) | 0.584 |
| Head circumference at birth (cm) | 34 (33–35) | 34 (33–35) | 0.133 |
| Ponderal index (100 g/cm3) | 2.5 (2.2–2.9) | 2.5 (2.1–2.8) | 0.886 |
| Leptin in cord blood (ng/mL) | 3.7 (2.4–5.8) | 6.5 (4.2–13.8) | 0.002 |
| Total cholesterol in cord blood (mg/dL) | 63 (51–72) | 70 (59–81) | 0.339 |
| Triglyceride in cord blood (mg/dL) | 30 (24–42) | 28.5 (25–37) | 0.509 |
| Creatinine (mg/dL) | 42 (28.0–65.3) | 33 (22.9–58.6) | 0.299 |