Table 2

Population group as a risk factor for all-cause, cardiovascular-related and cancer-related mortality

Crude modelModel 1Model 2
HR (95% CI)HR (95% CI)HR (95% CI)
All-cause mortality
 Urban1 (Reference)1 (Reference)1 (Reference)
 Migrant0.46 (0.19 to 1.08)0.44 (0.18 to 1.04)0.30 (0.12 to 0.78)
 Rural1.07 (0.43 to 2.62)0.90 (0.36 to 2.23)0.49 (0.16 to 1.43)
CV mortality
 Urban1 (Reference)1 (Reference)1 (Reference)
 Migrant0.11 (0.02 to 0.57)0.11 (0.02 to 0.54)0.07 (0.01 to 0.41)
 Rural0.16 (0.02 to 1.32)0.12 (0.01 to 1.03)0.06 (0.01 to 0.62)
Cancer mortality
 Urban1 (Reference)1 (Reference)1 (Reference)
 Migrant0.86 (0.17 to 4.42)0.84 (0.16 to 4.32)0.67 (0.11 to 4.04)
 Rural0.48 (0.04 to 5.30)0.41 (0.04 to 4.51)0.29 (0.02 to 4.11)
NCD (CV+cancer) mortality
 Urban1 (Reference)1 (Reference)1 (Reference)
 Migrant0.30 (0.11 to 0.83)0.28 (0.10 to 0.79)0.20 (0.07 to 0.62)
 Rural0.24 (0.05 to 1.12)0.19 (0.04 to 0.90)0.11 (0.02 to 0.60)
  • Model 1: adjusted for age and sex.

  • Model 2: adjusted for age, sex, education and the assets index.

  • Of the 928 participants evaluated at follow-up, 885 had all the variables available to be included in the multivariable model.

  • CV, cardiovascular; NCD, non-communicable disease.