Table 2

ORs and 95% CIs of cause-specific emergency ambulance dispatches per 10 μg/m³ increase in fine particulate matter (PM_2.5) by age strata and sex

	All causes			p Value^†	Respiratory diseases			p Value†	Cardiovascular diseases			p Value†
	n	OR*	95% CI	p Value^†	n	OR*	95% CI	p Value†	n	OR*	95% CI	p Value†
Total
Lag0–1	176 123	1.008	1.002 to 1.014		15 857	1.027	1.007 to 1.048		31 837	1.002	0.987 to 1.016
Lag2–3		1.001	0.994 to 1.007			1.003	0.982 to 1.025			0.998	0.983 to 1.013
Lag4–6		1.002	0.995 to 1.008			1.009	0.987 to 1.031			0.991	0.976 to 1.007
Age (years)
<20
Lag0–1	16 415	1.011	0.991 to 1.031	0.59	1816	0.990	0.932 to 1.052	0.18	196	0.977	0.816 to 1.170	0.47
Lag2–3		0.999	0.978 to 1.020			1.050	0.988 to 1.116			0.909	0.740 to 1.117
Lag4–6		0.991	0.969 to 1.013			0.977	0.913 to 1.046			0.914	0.750 to 1.115
20–64
Lag0–1	79 734	1.004	0.995 to 1.013		4325	0.993	0.955 to 1.032		10 001	0.998	0.973 to 1.023
Lag2–3		1.002	0.993 to 1.012			1.044	1.002 to 1.088			0.994	0.967 to 1.021
Lag4–6		1.006	0.997 to 1.016			1.015	0.973 to 1.060			0.990	0.962 to 1.018
≥65
Lag0–1	79 974	1.012	1.003 to 1.021		9716	1.048	1.022 to 1.076		21 640	1.004	0.986 to 1.021
Lag2–3		0.999	0.990 to 1.009			0.977	0.950 to 1.005			1.001	0.982 to 1.019
Lag4–6		0.999	0.989 to 1.009			1.010	0.982 to 1.040			0.992	0.974 to 1.012
Sex
Men
Lag0–1	86 127	1.011	1.002 to 1.020	0.63	8405	1.030	1.002 to 1.059	0.93	17 116	1.006	0.987 to 1.026	0.26
Lag2–3		1.001	0.992 to 1.010			1.006	0.977 to 1.037			1.011	0.991 to 1.033
Lag4–6		0.996	0.987 to 1.006			1.009	0.979 to 1.041			0.992	0.971 to 1.013
Women
Lag0–1	89 996	1.005	0.997 to 1.014		7452	1.024	0.994 to 1.054		14 721	0.996	0.975 to 1.018
Lag2–3		1.001	0.992 to 1.010			1.000	0.969 to 1.032			0.982	0.961 to 1.005
Lag4–6		1.007	0.997 to 1.016			1.008	0.976 to 1.042			0.990	0.968 to 1.013

*We entered the average concentrations of PM_2.5 during lag0-lag1 (lag0–1), during lag2-lag3 (lag2–3) and during lag4-lag6 (lag4–6) simultaneously in the model, and also controlled for 4-day average ambient temperature and relative humidity.
†Statistical interaction between PM_2.5 and age strata and sex was tested by using a likelihood ratio test.