Primary and secondary health outcomes and intervention effect-estimates
| Summary statistics Mean of continuous and prevalence of binary outcomes* | Effect-estimates Risk ratio for binary outcomes, mean difference for continuous outcomes | |||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Control (95% CI) | Intervention (95% CI) | Unadjusted (95% CI) | p Value | Adjusted† (95% CI) | p Value | |
| Primary health outcomes | ||||||
| Healthy eating—meeting five-a-day (fruit and vegetable portions) % | 53.4 (47.6 to 59.3) | 55.6 (50.3 to 60.9) | 1.02 (0.89 to 1.17) | 0.7 | 1.04 (0.93 to 1.17) | 0.5 |
| Physical activity—meeting 5×30 min moderate intensity activity per week, % | 66.5 (59.0 to 74.0) | 68.4 (63.5 to 73.2) | 1.04 (0.89 to 1.22) | 0.6 | 1.01 (0.88 to 1.16) | 0.9 |
| Mental well-being | ||||||
| Abnormal/borderline GHQ12 score % | 6.1 (4.7 to 7.6) | 7.2 (5.5 to 8.9) | 1.17 (0.84 to 1.63) | 0.3 | 1.15 (0.82 to 1.61) | 0.9 |
| Warwick Edinburgh Mental Well-Being Scale; mean score‡ | 60.1 (58.3 to 61.9) | 58.7 (56.8 to 60.5) | −1.59 (−4.10 to 0.91) | 0.2 | −1.52 (−3.93 to 0.88) | 0.2 |
| Secondary health outcomes | ||||||
| Unhealthy eating—mean score§ | 2.7 (2.6 to 2.8) | 2.5 (2.5 to 2.6) | −0.12 (−0.27 to 0.02) | 0.08 | −0.14 (−0.27 to −0.02) | 0.03 |
| Healthy eating—number of portions of fruit and vegetables per day—mean | 5.2 (5.0 to 5.5) | 5.3 (5.0 to 5.6) | 0.13 (−0.27 to 0.53) | 0.5 | 0.11 (−0.23 to 0.45) | 0.5 |
| Physical activity | ||||||
| Meeting 7×60 min moderate intensity activity per week % | 30.0 (21.6 to 38.5) | 31.6 (24.6 to 38.6) | 1.10 (0.62 to 1.94) | 0.7 | 1.02 (0.65 to 1.62) | 0.9 |
| Doing 150 min of moderate intensity activity per week % | 75.4 (68.0 to 82.9) | 77.0 (72.4 to 81.5) | 1.03 (0.89 to 1.20) | 0.6 | 1.00 (0.88 to 1.14) | 1.0 |
| Mean MET-minutes per week—mean | 2626 (1978 to 3279) | 2659 (2085 to 3233) | 4.2 (−778 to 787) | 1.0 | −113 (−847 to 621) | 0.7 |
| Mental well-being– mean GHQ 12 score¶ | 0.7 (0.6 to 0.8) | 0.7 (0.5 to 0.8) | −0.003 (−0.13 to 0.12) | 1.0 | −0.01 (−0.15 to 0.12) | 0.4 |
*Overall mean or prevalence pooled over clusters (CI adjusted for clustering).
†Adjustment for age, gender, ethnicity, education, employment, appropriate baseline values.
‡Higher score indicates better mental well-being.
§Higher score indicates more unhealthy food consumption.
¶Higher score indicates poorer mental health.
GHQ, General Health Questionnaire.