Table 3

Explanatory simple regression and meta-regression results for LE and DFLE at age 85, 1991 and 2001, by gender

	LE age 85										DFLE age 85
	1991					2001					1991					2001
	Univariate		Multivariate			Univariate		Multivariate			Univariable		Multivariable			Univariable		Multivariable
	β (SE)	p	β (SE)	Beta	p	β (SE)	p	β (SE)	Beta	p	β (SE)	p	β (SE)	Beta	p	β (SE)	p	β (SE)	Beta	p
Women
Social class IV and V (%)	0.01 (0.01)	0.447	0.01 (0.01)	0.10	0.211	−0.02 (0.01)	0.056	−0.01 (0.01)	−0.09	0.305	−0.02 (0.00)	<0.001	0.00 (0.00)	0.01	0.649	−0.04 (0.00)	<0.001	−0.02 (0.01)	−0.30	<0.001
Unemployment rate (%)	0.01 (0.01)	0.505	−0.07 (0.02)	−0.35	<0.001	0.01 (0.02)	0.576	0.02 (0.03)	0.08	0.456	−0.01 (0.00)	0.001	−0.04 (0.01)	−0.55	<0.001	−0.04 (0.01)	<0.001	0.00 (0.01)	−0.08	0.768
Retirement migration	−0.12 (0.03)	<0.001	−0.18 (0.05)	−0.27	<0.001	0.17 (0.06)	0.003	0.27 (0.06)	0.25	<0.001	0.01 (0.01)	0.426	−0.02 (0.02)	−0.10	0.331	0.23 (0.03)	<0.001	0.24 (0.02)	0.44	<0.001
Population density	0.01 (0.00)	0.004	0.01 (0.00)	0.25	0.011	0.01 (0.00)	<0.001	0.01 (0.00)	0.20	0.023	0.00 (0.00)	<0.001	0.01 (0.00)	0.43	<0.001	0.00 (0.00)	<0.001	0.00 (0.00)	0.27	0.001
Non-white population (%)	0.01 (0.01)	0.035	0.00 (0.01)	−0.02	0.81 0	0.01 (0.00)	0.001	0.01 (0.01)	0.08	0.325	0.01 (0.00)	<0.001	0.00 (0.00)	0.10	0.231	0.01 (0.00)	<0.001	0.01 (0.00)	0.24	<0.001
Constant			6.85					6.09					1.71					1.39
r²			0.06					0.09					0.19					0.47
Men
Social class IV and V (%)	−0.01 (0.01)	0.306	−0.01 (0.01)	−0.07	0.362	−0.04 (0.01)	<0.001	−0.04 (0.01)	−0.26	0.004	−0.02 (0.00)	<0.001	−0.01 (0.01)	−0.09	0.089	−0.04 (0.00)	<0.001	−0.02 (0.01)	−0.32	<0.001
Unemployment rate (%)	0.00 (0.01)	0.926	−0.02 (0.02)	−0.09	0.372	−0.02 (0.02)	0.260	0.04 (0.03)	0.11	0.295	−0.02 (0.01)	0.002	−0.02 (0.01)	−0.22	0.004	−0.05 (0.01)	<0.001	−0.02 (0.01)	−0.12	0.077
Retirement migration	−0.05 (0.04)	0.212	−0.10 (0.05)	−0.13	0.070	0.16 (0.06)	0.007	0.19 (0.06)	0.17	0.003	0.02 (0.02)	0.153	−0.01 (0.02)	−0.06	0.579	0.19 (0.03)	<0.001	0.16 (0.03)	0.30	<0.001
Population density	0.00 (0.00)	0.188	0.00 (0.00)	0.09	0.344	0.01 (0.00)	0.001	0.00 (0.00)	0.11	0.232	0.00 (0.00)	0.204	0.00 (0.00)	0.09	0.065	0.00 (0.00)	0.001	0.00 (0.00)	0.18	0.032
Non-white population (%)	0.01 (0.01)	0.366	0.00 (0.01)	−0.02	0.760	0.01 (0.00)	0.001	0.01 (0.01)	0.12	0.125	0.00 (0.00)	0.08	0.00 (0.00)	0.09	0.136	0.01 (0.00)	<0.001	0.01 (0.00)	0.23	<0.001
Constant			5.48					5.56					1.89					1.79
r²			0.01					0.1					0.04					0.36

β denotes unstandardised coefficient, Beta denotes standardised coefficient, univariate and multivariate denote simple regression models, and univariable and multivariable denote meta-regression models.
DFLE, disability-free life expectancy; LE, life expectancy.