Table 5

Factors affecting female sex workers' ability to negotiate for safe sex by degree of collective efficacy for achieving certain goals and for addressing specific problems) in Mumbai and Thane, India, 2010–2011

Self-confidence measuresTotal (N=2106)Collective efficacy for achieving certain goalsCollective efficacy for addressing specific problems
Low (N=605)Medium (N=969)High (N=532)Low (N=572)High (N=1534)
Confident in saying no to a client with whom she is unwilling to have sex
 %79.065.382.884.270.282.3
 OR (95% CI)Referent2.8 (2.2 to 3.7)2.7 (2.0 to 3.6)Referent2.1 (1.6 to 2.6)
Confident in going to a service provider and disclosing her identity as an FSW
 %77.270.480.878.665.481.6
 OR (95% CI)Referent1.6 (1.3 to 2.1)1.3 (0.9 to 1.7)Referent2.7 (2.1 to 3.4)
Confident in travelling alone
 %73.660.279.478.670.374.9
 OR (95% CI)Referent2.3 (1.8 to 3.1)2.1 (1.6 to 2.8)Referent1.4 (1.1 to 1.8)
Confident in giving advice to neighbours and other FSWs
 %77.264.582.881.869.880.0
 OR (95% CI)Referent2.4 (1.8 to 3.0)2.2 (1.7 to 2.9)Referent1.9 (1.5 to 2.4)
Confident in voicing an opinion in front of a large group
 %78.965.884.583.672.481.4
 OR (95% CI)Referent2.5 (1.9 to 3.3)2.4 (1.7 to 3.2)Referent1.8 (1.4 to 2.3)
  • Variables controlled for in the logistic regression analyses are: age, education, marital status, duration into sex work, typology and study district.

  • AOR, adjusted ORs; FSW, female sex worker; N, total sample size in that category.