Table 1

Distribution of covariates based on asthma diagnosis

Covariates	Total	New asthma	p Value^*
Covariates	Total	N (%)	p Value^*
War-Related Trauma Score
No reported trauma	368	23 (6.3)	0.001
Low	573	35 (6.1)
Medium	571	45 (7.9)
High	554	67 (12.1)
Sex
Male	996	66 (6.6)	0.01
Female	1070	104 (9.7)
Age
50–54	679	51 (7.5)	0.73
55–59	574	53 (9.2)
60–64	467	37 (7.9)
65–69	346	29 (8.4)
Education
No	1356	116 (8.6)	0.46
Yes	710	54 (7.6)
Literacy
No	1028	101 (9.8)	0.009
Yes	1038	69 (6.7)
Smoking
Non-smoker	1316	107 (8.1)	0.86
Ex-smoker	466	41 (8.8)
Current	284	22 (7.8)
Fear loss of life
No	778	56 (7.2)	0.18
Yes	1284	114 (8.9)

↵* Denotes differences based on χ² p value.