Study | Year performed | Study design | Country | Participation rate (%) | Type of sampling | Studied population | Men (%) | IDU (%) | HCV-S (%) (prison) | HCV-S (%) among IDU (prison) | HCV-S (%) among non-IDU (prison) | HCV-S (%) (general population) | HCV-S (%) among IDU (general population) | |||
Arrada et al14 | 1998 | L | France | 73 | VP | 656 | 100 | – | 9 | – | – | 1.1 | 42 | |||
Baillargeon et al16 | 1998 | C-S | USA | 85 | RS* | 3712 | 84 | – | 29 | – | – | 1.8 | 66 | |||
Burattini et al17 | 1993 | C-S | Brazil | 94 | SS | 631 | 100 | – | 34 | – | – | 2.6 | 70 | |||
Butler and colleagues18 19 49 | 1994 | C-S | Australia | 28 | RS | 408 | 100 | 52 | 37 | 66 | 7 | 0.3 | 65 | |||
Crofts et al5 | 1991 | L | Australia | 99 | VP | 3627 | 94 | 45 | 39 | 65 | 16 | 0.3 | 65 | |||
Fox et al25 | 2005 | C-S | USA | 77 | NS | 467 | 72 | 43 | 34 | 66 | – | 1.8 | 66 | |||
Hedouin and Gosset29 | 1995 | C-S | France | 62 | CS | 806 | 91 | 55 | 30 | 80 | 4 | 1.1 | 42 | |||
Holsen et al31 | 1991 | C-S | Norway | 69 | VP | 70 | 28 | 57 | 46 | 91 | 10 | 0.1 | 68 | |||
Macalino et al10 | 1998 | L | USA | 97 | RS | 4269 | 100 | 12 | 23 | 83 | 15 | 1.8 | 66 | |||
Ruiz and colleagues3 40 | 1994 | C-S | USA | 97 | SS | 4513 | 87 | 97 | 41 | – | – | 1.8 | 66 | |||
Solomon et al44 | 2002 | C-S | USA | 100 | RS | 3914 | 85 | 22 | 30 | – | – | 1.8 | 66 | |||
Vlahov et al2 | 1985 | L | USA | 100 | RS | 266 | 100 | – | 38 | – | – | 1.8 | 66 |
C-S, Cross-sectional; CS, convenience sample; HCV-S, hepatitis C seroprevalence; IDU, intravenous drug user; L, longitudinal; NS, not specified; RS, routine screening; SS, selection performed through the calculation of the sample size; VP, voluntary participation.
*The excluded subsample did not exhibit any statistically significant differences from the sample used.