Risk factors and their association with pregnancy among young women in the Randomised Intervention of Pupil Peer-Led sex Education study data
| Association with pregnancy in young women | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Prevalence of risk factor, n (%) | Number pregnant at follow-up 2, n (%) | Unadjusted ORs (95% CI) | Adjusted ORs (95% CI) | |
| *p<0.05; **p<0.01; ***p<0.001. | ||||
| Socioeconomic status | ||||
| Housing | ||||
| * | ||||
| Privately owned | 1771 (75.1) | 43 (2.43) | 1 | 1 |
| Non-privately owned | 588 (24.9) | 27 (4.59) | 1.97(1.16 to 3.37) | 0.68(0.27 to 1.70) |
| Family structure/relationships | ||||
| Mothers age at birth (years) | ||||
| ⩾20 | 2335 (95.0) | 67 (2.87) | 1 | 1 |
| <20 | 124 (5.0) | 7 (5.65) | 1.96 (0.87 to 4.47) | 0.66 (0.11 to 3.77) |
| Communication with mother/female guardian (baseline) | *** | ** | ||
| Difficult | 816 (30.2) | 40 (4.90) | 1 | 1 |
| Good | 1884 (69.8) | 39 (2.07) | 0.43(0.22 to 0.85) | 0.30(0.14 to 0.66) |
| Communication with mother/female guardian (follow-up 1) | ||||
| Difficult | 875 (33.2) | 38 (4.34) | 1 | 1 |
| Good | 1758 (66.8) | 39 (2.22) | 0.74(0.40 to 1.36) | 1.68(0.72 to 3.95) |
| Communication with father/male guardian (baseline) | ||||
| Difficult | 2073 (80.9) | 64 (3.09) | 1 | 1 |
| Good | 490 (19.1) | 11 (2.24) | 0.94(0.46 to 1.91) | 0.99(0.30, 3.21) |
| Communication with father/male guardian (follow-up 1) | ||||
| Difficult | 2016 (79.6) | 62 (3.08) | 1 | 1 |
| Good | 517 (20.4) | 8 (1.55) | 0.54(0.25 to 1.18) | 0.57(0.16 to 2.06) |
| Expectations of the future/perceptions of peers | ||||
| Lack of expectation of education by age 20 years (baseline) | *** | * | ||
| No | 1936 (72.0) | 48 (2.48) | 1 | 1 |
| Unsure | 690 (25.7) | 25 (3.62) | 1.39(0.73 to 2.64) | 0.68(0.20 to 2.30) |
| Yes | 64 (2.4) | 6 (9.38) | 3.14(0.85 to 11.54) | 0.50(0.12 to 2.04) |
| Lack of expectation of education by age 20 years (follow-up 1) | ||||
| No | 1967 (74.6) | 44 (2.24) | 1 | 1 |
| Unsure | 628 (23.8) | 28 (4.46) | 1.78(0.91 to 3.48) | 1.71(0.68 to 4.34) |
| Yes | 43 (1.6) | 5 (11.63) | 4.56(1.80 to 11.56) | 8.36(1.23 to 56.73) |
| Positive expectation of being a parent by age 20 years (baseline) | *** | |||
| No | 1580 (58.6) | 32 (2.03) | 1 | 1 |
| Unsure | 750 (27.8) | 22 (2.93) | 1.45(0.84 to 2.52) | 1.44(0.65 to 3.20) |
| Yes | 366 (13.6) | 24 (6.56) | 2.74(1.17 to 6.44) | 1.89(0.59 to 6.00) |
| Positive expectation of being a parent by age 20 years (follow-up 1) | ||||
| No | 1708 (62.4) | 43 (2.52) | 1 | 1 |
| Unsure | 749 (27.4) | 12 (1.85) | 0.51(0.22 to 1.21) | 0.59(0.21 to 1.67) |
| Yes | 280 (10.2) | 22 (7.86) | 2.24(1.12 to 4.47) | 1.39(0.49 to 3.92) |
| Peer norms (baseline) | *** | *** | ||
| Believe less than ½ having sex | 2265 (92.6) | 58 (2.56) | 1 | 1 |
| Believe ½ or more having sex | 182 (7.4) | 18 (9.89) | 4.68(2.23 to 9.82) | 2.10(0.90 to 4.92) |
| Peer norms (follow-up 1) | ||||
| Believe less than ½ having sex | 1958 (80.0) | 49 (2.50) | 1 | 1 |
| Believe ½ or more having sex | 490 (20.0) | 26 (5.31) | 0.95(0.61 to 1.46) | 2.12(1.21 to 3.71) |
| Individual behaviours | ||||
| Intent to skip school (baseline) | *** | |||
| Unlikely | 2168 (80.4) | 48 (2.21) | 1 | 1 |
| Ambivalent | 314 (11.7) | 7 (2.23) | 0.82(0.36 to 1.83) | 1.19(0.55 to 2.61) |
| Likely | 213 (7.9) | 24 (11.27) | 4.17(2.14 to 8.14) | 2.05(0.64 to 6.61) |
| Intent to skip school (follow-up 1) | ||||
| Unlikely | 2033 (76.8) | 46 (2.26) | 1 | 1 |
| Ambivalent | 339 (12.8) | 9 (2.65) | 0.95(0.44 to 2.07) | 1.12(0.39 to 2.25) |
| Likely | 274 (10.3) | 22 (8.03) | 2.11(1.01 to 4.12) | 2.19(0.59 to 8.07) |
| Drunk more than once a month at 13 | *** | * | ||
| Drunk less than once a month | 2263 (87.7) | 50 (2.12) | 1 | 1 |
| Drunk once a month or more | 316 (12.3) | 28 (8.86) | 4.84(3.12 to 7.35) | 2.15(1.16 to 4.01) |
| Sexual health knowledge | ||||
| Knowledge of STIs (baseline); number correct of 2 | ||||
| 0 | 524 (19.3) | 16 (3.05) | 1 | 1 |
| 1 | 1104 (40.6) | 32 (2.90) | 0.96(0.48 to 1.93) | 0.81(0.30 to 2.15) |
| 2 | 1090 (40.1) | 31 (2.84) | 1.03(0.54 to 1.97) | 0.91(0.42 to 1.95) |
| Knowledge of STIs (follow-up 1); number correct of 2 | ||||
| 0 | 284 (10.7) | 8 (2.82) | 1 | 1 |
| 1 | 886 (33.4) | 26 (2.93) | 0.99(0.37 to 2.63) | 1.44(0.49 to 4.21) |
| 2 | 1481 (55.9) | 43 (2.90) | 0.94(0.36 to 2.46) | 1.44(0.56 to 3.70) |
| Knowledge of timing of emergency contraceptive pill (baseline) | ||||
| No | 2005 (75.5) | 62 (3.09) | 1 | 1 |
| Yes | 652 (24.5) | 17 (2.61) | 0.77(0.43 to 1.38) | 0.92(0.48 to 1.78) |
| Knowledge of timing of emergency contraceptive pill (follow-up 1) | ||||
| No | 1433 (55.3) | 35 (2.44) | 1 | 1 |
| Yes | 1158 (44.7) | 40 (3.45) | 1.49(0.98 to 2.26) | 1.21(0.63 to 2.33) |
| Ability to identify sexual health services (baseline) | ** | |||
| No | 1674 (68.7) | 34 (2.03) | 1 | 1 |
| Yes | 763 (31.3) | 37 (4.85) | 1.83(1.09 to 3.08) | 1.68(0.85 to 3.33) |
| Ability to identify sexual health services (follow up 1) | ||||
| No | 1235 (51.7) | 20 (1.62) | 1 | 1 |
| Yes | 1155 (48.3) | 50 (4.33) | 1.99(1.22 to 3.23) | 1.44(0.75 to 2.76) |
| Main source of information (baseline) | *** | |||
| Does not include school | 1160 (42.8) | 48 (4.14) | 1 | 1 |
| Includes school | 1551 (57.2) | 31 (2.00) | 0.64(0.35 to 1.16) | 0.74(0.33 to 1.69) |
| Main source of information (follow up 1) | ||||
| Does not include school | 1054 (40.0) | 49 (4.65) | 1 | 1 |
| Includes school | 1585 (60.0) | 28 (1.77) | 0.44(0.23 to 0.86) | 0.73(0.26 to 2.07) |