Daily dietary intake (SD units) | Height (SD units) | Sitting height (SD units) | Leg length (SD units) | |||||||||||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
β* | 95% CI* | p* | β† | 95% CI† | p† | β* | 95% CI* | p* | β† | 95% CI† | p† | β* | 95% CI* | p* | β† | 95% CI† | p† | |
*Minimally adjusted (sex, child’s age for height measurement, maternal pregnancy energy intake). †Fully adjusted (sex, age, energy intake, maternal factors (age, height, BMI, smoking in pregnancy), parity, breast feeding, social class, maternal education, and marital status). | ||||||||||||||||||
Energy | −0.01 | −0.04, 0.01 | 0.2 | −0.02 | −0.04, 0.01 | 0.2 | −0.01 | −0.04, 0.01 | 0.2 | −0.01 | −0.03, 0.01 | 0.4 | −0.01 | −0.03, 0.01 | 0.4 | −0.01 | −0.04, 0.01 | 0.2 |
Carbohydrate | −0.05 | −0.12, 0.01 | 0.1 | 0.02 | −0.05, 0.08 | 0.6 | −0.06 | −0.12, 0.01 | 0.08 | 0.01 | −0.06, 0.08 | 0.8 | −0.04 | −0.10, 0.03 | 0.3 | 0.02 | −0.05, 0.08 | 0.6 |
Protein | 0.07 | 0.03, 0.11 | 0.001 | 0.02 | −0.02, 0.06 | 0.3 | 0.06 | 0.02, 0.10 | 0.003 | 0.02 | −0.02, 0.06 | 0.3 | 0.06 | 0.02, 0.10 | 0.004 | 0.02 | −0.02, 0.06 | 0.4 |
Total fat | −0.03 | −0.08, 0.03 | 0.3 | −0.04 | −0.10, 0.01 | 0.1 | −0.02 | −0.07, 0.04 | 0.5 | −0.04 | −0.09, 0.02 | 0.2 | −0.03 | −0.08, 0.03 | 0.3 | −0.03 | −0.09, 0.02 | 0.2 |
Saturated fat | −0.002 | −0.01, 0.002 | 0.3 | −0.002 | −0.01, 0.002 | 0.3 | −0.002 | −0.01, 0.002 | 0.3 | −0.003 | −0.01, 0.001 | 0.2 | −0.002 | −0.01, 0.002 | 0.4 | −0.001 | −0.005, 0.003 | 0.6 |
Polyunsaturated fat | 0.01 | −0.02, 0.04 | 0.4 | 0.002 | −0.03, 0.03 | 0.9 | 0.02 | −0.01, 0.05 | 0.1 | 0.02 | −0.01, 0.04 | 0.3 | 0.003 | −0.03, 0.03 | 0.8 | −0.01 | −0.04, 0.02 | 0.6 |
Monounsaturated fat | −0.01 | −0.07, 0.04 | 0.6 | −0.01 | −0.07, 0.04 | 0.6 | −0.0005 | −0.06, 0.06 | 0.99 | −0.01 | −0.07, 0.05 | 0.8 | −0.02 | −0.08, 0.03 | 0.4 | −0.01 | −0.07, 0.04 | 0.6 |
Calcium | 0.04 | 0.01, 0.08 | 0.02 | 0.02 | −0.02, 0.05 | 0.3 | 0.05 | 0.01, 0.08 | 0.01 | 0.02 | −0.02, 0.06 | 0.3 | 0.03 | −0.001, 0.07 | 0.06 | 0.01 | −0.02, 0.05 | 0.5 |
Potassium | 0.06 | 0.02, 0.10 | 0.004 | 0.03 | −0.01, 0.07 | 0.1 | 0.06 | 0.02, 0.10 | 0.01 | 0.03 | −0.01, 0.07 | 0.2 | 0.05 | 0.01, 0.09 | 0.02 | 0.03 | −0.01, 0.07 | 0.2 |
Magnesium | 0.10 | 0.07, 0.14 | <0.001 | 0.05 | 0.01, 0.08 | 0.01 | 0.09 | 0.06, 0.13 | <0.001 | 0.05 | 0.01, 0.09 | 0.01 | 0.09 | 0.06, 0.13 | <0.001 | 0.04 | −0.001, 0.07 | 0.05 |
Iron | 0.08 | 0.05, 0.12 | <0.001 | 0.04 | 0.01, 0.08 | 0.02 | 0.07 | 0.04, 0.11 | <0.001 | 0.05 | 0.01, 0.09 | 0.01 | 0.07 | 0.04, 0.11 | <0.001 | 0.03 | −0.01, 0.07 | 0.1 |
Retinol | −0.01 | −0.04, 0.02 | 0.4 | −0.01 | −0.03, 0.02 | 0.5 | −0.001 | −0.03, 0.02 | 0.9 | −0.001 | −0.03, 0.02 | 0.9 | −0.02 | −0.04, 0.01 | 0.2 | −0.01 | −0.04, 0.01 | 0.3 |
Vitamin C | 0.05 | 0.03, 0.08 | <0.001 | 0.02 | −0.01, 0.04 | 0.2 | 0.05 | 0.02, 0.07 | <0.001 | 0.02 | −0.01, 0.04 | 0.2 | 0.04 | 0.02, 0.07 | 0.001 | 0.01 | −0.02, 0.04 | 0.4 |
Vitamin D | 0.04 | 0.02, 0.07 | 0.002 | 0.01 | −0.01, 0.04 | 0.3 | 0.04 | 0.02, 0.07 | 0.001 | 0.02 | −0.01, 0.04 | 0.2 | 0.03 | 0.01, 0.06 | 0.01 | 0.01 | −0.02, 0.04 | 0.5 |
Folate | 0.05 | 0.01, 0.08 | 0.01 | 0.02 | −0.02, 0.05 | 0.3 | 0.04 | 0.01, 0.07 | 0.01 | 0.02 | −0.02, 0.05 | 0.3 | 0.04 | 0.01, 0.07 | 0.01 | 0.01 | −0.02, 0.04 | 0.5 |
Omega-3 fatty acids | 0.04 | 0.01, 0.06 | 0.004 | 0.01 | −0.01, 0.03 | 0.4 | 0.04 | 0.02, 0.06 | 0.001 | 0.02 | −0.01, 0.04 | 0.1 | 0.03 | 0.003, 0.05 | 0.03 | 0.003 | −0.02, 0.03 | 0.8 |
Milk | −0.002 | −0.03, 0.02 | 0.9 | 0.01 | −0.02, 0.03 | 0.5 | 0.002 | −0.02, 0.03 | 0.9 | 0.01 | −0.02, 0.03 | 0.7 | −0.005 | −0.03, 0.02 | 0.7 | 0.01 | −0.01, 0.04 | 0.4 |
Meat | −0.02 | −0.04, 0.01 | 0.2 | −0.005 | −0.03, 0.02 | 0.7 | −0.02 | −0.05, 0.002 | 0.07 | −0.02 | −0.04, 0.01 | 0.2 | −0.01 | −0.04, 0.02 | 0.4 | 0.01 | −0.02, 0.03 | 0.6 |
Fish | 0.03 | 0.01, 0.05 | 0.02 | 0.01 | −0.02, 0.03 | 0.5 | 0.03 | 0.01, 0.06 | 0.01 | 0.02 | −0.01, 0.04 | 0.2 | 0.02 | −0.002, 0.05 | 0.08 | 0.0002 | −0.02, 0.02 | 0.98 |
Fruit | 0.06 | 0.03, 0.08 | <0.001 | 0.01 | −0.01, 0.04 | 0.3 | 0.06 | 0.03, 0.08 | <0.001 | 0.02 | −0.01, 0.04 | 0.2 | 0.05 | 0.02, 0.07 | <0.001 | 0.01 | −0.02, 0.03 | 0.6 |
Vegetables | 0.01 | −0.01, 0.04 | 0.3 | −0.0003 | −0.02, 0.02 | 0.98 | 0.02 | −0.004, 0.04 | 0.1 | 0.01 | −0.02, 0.03 | 0.6 | 0.01 | −0.02, 0.03 | 0.6 | −0.01 | −0.03, 0.02 | 0.5 |