Outcomes for women aged 18 to 27 according to whether or not they experienced motherhood before the age of 18, and whether or not they had sexual intercourse before 18. Figures are percentages unless otherwise stated
| Circumstances at time of survey | Natsal 1990 | Natsal 2000 | Overall difference between 1990 and 2000 | ||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Sexual intercourse before 18 years | All | Sexual intercourse before 18 years | All | ||||||
| No | Yes | No | Yes | ||||||
| Birth before 18 years | Birth before 18 years | ||||||||
| No | Yes | No | Yes | p Value | |||||
| Base: unweighted/weighted | 1028/1016 | 1381/1343 | 166/116 | 2575/2475 | 510/465 | 1136/1069 | 111/85 | 1757/1619 | |
| Proportion | 0.41 (0.39, 0.43) | 0.54 (0.52, 0.56) | 0.05 (0.04, 0.06) | 100 | 0.29 (0.26, 0.31) | 0.66 (0.63, 0.69) | 0.05 (0.04, 0.06) | 100 | <0.0001 |
| Age (mean (SE)) | 23.1 (0.10) | 22.4 (0.09) | 22.2 (0.26) | 22.7 (0.07) | 22.7 (0.16) | 22.6 (0.10) | 22.1 (0.28) | 22.6 (0.08) | 0.490 |
| Education and participation | |||||||||
| Highest academic qualification | 0.006 | ||||||||
| A level or higher | 47.1 (43.6, 50.7) | 33.1 (30.2, 36.2) | 7.0 (3.5, 13.5) | 37.6 (35.4, 40.0) | 56.4 (51.1, 61.4) | 39.4 (36.0, 42.9) | 4.4 (1.5, 12.6) | 42.5 (39.5, 45.4) | |
| O level/GCSE/other | 44.0 (40.6, 47.6) | 53.2 (50.2, 56.3) | 46.8 (38.6, 55.1) | 49.2 (46.9, 51.4) | 38.8 (33.8, 43.9) | 51.1 (47.6, 54.5) | 46.2 (35.8, 56.8) | 47.3 (44.4, 50.2) | |
| None | 8.8 (7.0, 11.1) | 13.7 (11.8, 15.8) | 46.2 (38.1, 54.6) | 13.2 (11.8, 14.8) | 4.9 (3.3, 7.1) | 9.5 (7.8, 11.5) | 49.4 (38.8, 60.0) | 10.2 (8.8, 11.9) | |
| In education/work/training | 0.0001 | ||||||||
| Yes | 78.1 (75.3, 80.6) | 68.8 (66.0, 71.5) | 29.9 (22.1, 39.1) | 70.8 (68.7, 72.8) | 86.5 (82.9, 89.4) | 76.9 (74.3, 79.4) | 26.8 (18.6, 37.0) | 77.0 (74.7, 79.1) | |
| No | 21.9 (19.4, 24.7) | 31.2 (28.5, 34.0) | 70.1 (60.9, 77.9) | 29.2 (27.2, 31.3) | 13.5 (10.6, 17.1) | 23.1 (20.6, 25.7) | 73.2 (63.0, 81.4) | 23.0 (20.9, 25.3) | |
| Material circumstances | |||||||||
| Tenure | 0.788 | ||||||||
| Council/housing association | 18.5 (16.0,21.2) | 26.9 (24.2, 29.8) | 65.2 (56.1, 73.3) | 25.2 (23.2, 27.4) | 18.4 (14.9, 22.4) | 25.3 (22.6, 28.1) | 69.7 (59.3, 78.4) | 25.60 (23.4, 28.1) | |
| Other | 81.5 (78.8, 84.0) | 73.1 (70.2, 75.8) | 34.8 (26.7, 43.9) | 74.8 (72.6, 76.8) | 81.6 (77.6, 85.1) | 74.7 (71.9, 77.4) | 30.3 (21.6, 40.7) | 74.4 (71.9, 76.6) | |
| Social class | |||||||||
| I/II | 28.7 (25.2, 32.5) | 20.1 (17.4, 23.2) | 6.5 (2.4, 16.6) | 23.3 (21.2, 25.6) | 25.3 (21.0, 30.2) | 21.5 (18.9, 24.4) | 1.0 (0.2, 7.1) | 21.6 (19.4, 24.0) | 0.102 |
| III non-manual/manual | 53.1 (48.9, 57.2) | 55.6 (51.9, 59.1) | 24.7 (13.9, 40.0) | 53.6 (51.0, 56.1) | 52.2 (46.8, 57.6) | 53.6 (50.2, 57.0) | 39.1 (27.9, 51.6) | 52.7 (49.8, 55.4) | |
| IV/V | 17.1 (14.2, 20.4) | 23.5 (20.7, 26.7) | 49.1 (36.2, 62.1) | 21.6 (19.6, 23.8) | 21.6 (17.4, 26.4) | 24.3 (21.5, 27.3) | 53.2 (40.8, 65.2) | 24.8 (22.4, 27.3) | |
| unemployed | 1.2 (0.6, 2.3) | 0.8 (0.4, 1.6) | 19.7 (12.4, 29.7) | 1.5 (1.1, 2.1) | 0.9 (0.3, 2.4) | 0.5 (0.2, 1.2) | 6.6 (2.4, 16.9) | 0.9 (0.5, 1.6) | |
| Family relationships and parity | |||||||||
| Currently living as lone adult | 0.054 | ||||||||
| No | 91.0 (89.0, 92.7) | 87.4 (85.5, 89.0) | 66.3 (57.9, 73.7) | 87.9 (86.5, 89.1) | 91.3 (89.0, 93.1) | 85.4 (83.4, 87.1) | 64.9 (55.5, 73.3) | 86.0 (84.4, 87.4) | |
| Yes | 9.0 (7.3, 11.0) | 12.6 (11.0, 14.5) | 33.7 (26.3, 42.1) | 12.1 (10.9, 13.5) | 8.7 (6.9, 11.0) | 14.6 (12.9, 16.6) | 35.1 (26.7, 44.5) | 14.0 (12.6, 15.6) | |
| Number of children | 0.068 | ||||||||
| 0 | 75.6 (72.7, 78.3) | 64.6 (61.8, 67.3) | 0.0 | 66.1 (63.9, 68.2) | 84.7 (80.9, 87.9) | 69.0 (66.0, 71.8) | 0.0 | 69.9 (67.4, 72.2) | |
| 1 | 14.8 (12.7, 17.1) | 21.0 (18.7, 23.4) | 37.2 (29.2, 45.8) | 19.2 (17.6, 20.9) | 8.8 (6.5, 11.8) | 20.5 (18.1, 23.1) | 34.6 (26.0, 44.3) | 17.9 (16.0, 19.9) | |
| 2 | 7.7 (6.2, 9.4) | 11.1 (9.7, 12.8) | 34.5 (27.1, 42.7) | 10.8 (9.7, 12.0) | 6.2 (4.2, 9.0) | 8.2 (6.7, 9.9) | 38.4 (28.9, 48.8) | 9.2 (7.9, 10.7) | |
| 3+ | 2.0 (1.3, 2.9) | 3.4 (2.6, 4.4) | 28.4 (21.4, 36.5) | 4.0 (3.3, 4.8) | 0.3 (0.1, 1.6) | 2.4 (1.6, 3.4) | 27.0 (19.0, 36.9) | 3.1 (2.4, 4.0) | |
| Health related factors | |||||||||
| Smoking | 0.744 | ||||||||
| Non/former smoker | 73.5 (70.4, 76.4) | 49.2 (46.1, 52.2) | 32.2 (24.9, 40.4) | 58.4 (56.2, 60.6) | 78.8 (74.4, 82.7) | 50.2 (46.9, 53.5) | 38.5 (29.3, 48.7) | 57.8 (55.0, 60.5) | |
| Current smoker | 26.5 (23.6, 29.6) | 50.8 (47.8, 53.9) | 67.8 (59.6, 75.1) | 41.6 (39.4, 43.8) | 21.2 (17.3, 25.6) | 49.8 (46.5, 53.1) | 61.5 (51.3, 70.7) | 42.2 (39.5, 45.0) | |
| BMI (kg/m2) | 0.0003 | ||||||||
| <20 | 25.0 (22.1, 28.1) | 21.4 (19.0, 24.1) | 24.7 (17.7, 33.4) | 23.0 (21.2, 25.0) | 22.5 (18.4,27.2) | 21.9 (19.2, 24.9) | 22.5 (14.7, 32.7) | 22.1 (19.9, 24.5) | |
| 20–24 | 58.4 (55.0, 61.8) | 59.4 (56.3, 62.3) | 54.0 (45.3, 62.5) | 58.7 (56.5, 60.9) | 57.0 (51.7, 62.2) | 53.8 (50.4, 57.1) | 50.6 (40.1, 61.0) | 54.5 (51.8, 57.2) | |
| 25–29 | 13.2 (11.0, 15.6) | 14.2 (12.3, 16.3) | 13.8 (9.2, 20.3) | 13.7 (12.4, 15.2) | 13.7 (10.6, 17.6) | 16.6 (14.2, 19.2) | 16.6 (10.1, 25.8) | 15.8 (13.9, 17.8) | |
| 30+ | 3.4 (2.4, 4.8) | 5.0 (3.9, 6.6) | 7.5 (4.3, 12.6) | 4.5 (3.7, 5.5) | 6.7 (4.8, 9.4) | 7.8 (6.2, 9.7) | 10.4 (5.1, 20.0) | 7.6 (6.4, 9.1) | |
| Ill for three months or more in past five years | 0.006 | ||||||||
| No | 92.5 (90.6, 94.1) | 88.7 (86.5, 90.6) | 89.8 (80.6, 94.9) | 90.3 (88.9, 91.6) | 89.3 (86.3, 91.7) | 86.8 (84.6, 88.8) | 84.5 (75.4, 90.7) | 87.4 (85.7, 90.0) | |
| Yes | 7.5 (5.9, 9.4) | 11.3 (9.4, 13.5) | 10.2 (5.1, 19.4) | 9.7 (8.4, 11.1) | 10.7 (8.3, 13.7) | 13.2 (11.2, 15.4) | 15.5 (9.3, 24.6) | 12.6 (11.0, 14.3) | |