Table 3

Multilevel regression estimates (β and CI) for effects of NSD on changes in Total Problems from T1 to T2

Total Problems (T2)
CBCL (n=1565)YSR (n=1787)
β, regression coefficient; CI, 95% confidence intervals. CBCL, Child Behavior Checklist; YSR, Youth Self-Report; Child gender, 0= male, 1= female. (*)0.05<p<0.10,
*p<0.05,
**p<0.01,
***p<0.001.
(a) Model adjusted for baseline problem scores only
    Total Problems (T1)0.67*** (0.63 to 0.71)0.47*** (0.42 to 0.52)
    NSD0.82* (0.04 to 1.59)1.18* (0.18 to 2.17)
Improvement (χ2) after NSD added to the model (df=1)4.42*5.37*
(b) Model adjusted for baseline scores and confounders
    Total Problems (T1)0.66*** (0.62 to 0.71)0.49*** (0.44 to 0.53)
    Family SES
        Occupation0.07 (−0.54 to 0.68)1.01** (0.28 to 1.73)
        Education−0.42 (−1.44 to 0.60)−1.90*** (−3.12 to −0.67)
    Child gender0.17 (−1.16 to 1.50)4.99*** (3.37 to 6.62)
    Child age (T2)0.21 (−1.20 to 1.62)0.79 (−1.02 to 2.61)
    NSD0.75(*) (−0.05 to 1.55)1.05* (0.03 to 2.08)
Improvement (χ2) after NSD added to the model (df=1)3.40(*)4.08*
Estimated neighbourhood level variance (in empty model)1.370
% of total variance0.6%0%