Construct validity hypothesis tests
| Hypothesis | Variable | Score range (median) | Mean rank | Significance test and p value |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Level 1: Strong hypotheses from qualitative findings: | ||||
| Higher scores will be associated with continued pregnancies and lower scores with pregnancies ending in abortion. | Pregnancy outcome: | |||
| continued pregnancy | 0–12 (11) | 393.53 | Mann-Whitney U, p<0.0001 | |
| abortion | 0–12 (2) | 98.48 | ||
| “Living with husband” status will be associated with higher scores, other categories associated with lower scores. | Marital status/live with: | |||
| husband | 0–12 (11) | 431.83 | Kruskal-Wallis, p<0.0001 | |
| partner | 0–12 (6) | 283.25 | ||
| not husband or partner | 0–12 (2) | 145.68 | ||
| Older age will be associated with higher scores (although the full range of scores likely on all ages). | Age group: | |||
| <20 | 0–12 (3) | 154.90 | Kruskal-Wallis, p<0.0001 | |
| 20–24 | 0–12 (4) | 240.18 | ||
| 25–29 | 0–12 (9) | 307.57 | ||
| 30–34 | 0–12 (11) | 398.96 | ||
| 35–39 | 0–12 (11) | 397.37 | ||
| 40+ | 0–12 (10) | 365.29 | ||
| Higher educational status will be associated with higher scores (although full range of scores likely for all levels of educational status). | Educational level: | |||
| school | 0–12 (6) | 278.92 | Jonckheere-Terpstra, p<0.0001 | |
| post 16 | 0–12 (7) | 297.97 | ||
| higher/further | 0–12 (11) | 367.32 | ||
| Level 2: Hypotheses from the literature, neither proved nor disproved by qualitative findings: | ||||
| Black women will have lower scores. | Ethnicity: | |||
| White British | 0–12 (10) | 335.59 | Kruskal-Wallis, p = 0.013 | |
| White other | 1–12 (10) | 331.37 | ||
| Asian/Asian British | 1–12 (10) | 331.63 | ||
| Black/Black British | 0–12 (5) | 246.75 | ||
| Mixed/other | 1–12 (8) | 272.32 | ||
| The second child (actual births) will have the highest scores, and the third-plus child lowest scores. | Child order: | |||
| Continued pregnancies only: | ||||
| was/will be first child | 1–12 (10) | 251.09 | Kruskal-Wallis, p<0.0001 | |
| was/will be second child | 1–12 (11) | 283.62 | ||
| was/will be third or more child | 0–12 (9) | 197.32 | ||