Age |
<35 years old | | | 1.0 | | ‡ | | 1.0 | | 1.0 | |
35 to 49 | | | 2.50 | (2.07 to 3.02) | | | 2.64 | (2.16 to 3.22) | 2.72 | (2.22 to 3.34) |
50 to 64 | | | 6.44 | (5.38 to 7.72) | | | 6.88 | (5.67 to 8.33) | 7.05 | (5.78 to 8.59) |
65 or older | | | 12.55 | (10.40 to 15.15) | | | 12.31 | (10.06 to 15.06) | 12.53 | (10.14 to 15.48) |
Sex |
Male | | | 1.0 | | ‡ | | 1.0 | | 1.0 | |
Female | | | 1.38 | (1.244 to 1.54) | | | 1.26 | (1.12 to 1.41) | 1.26 | (1.13 to 1.42) |
Nation of origin |
German born | | | 1.0 | | ‡ | | 1.0 | | – | – |
Foreign born | | | 1.30 | (1.11 to 1.52) | | | 0.97 | (0.82 to 1.15) | | |
Ownership status
|
Home owner | | | | |
1.0
| |
1.0
| |
1.0
| |
Renter
| | | | |
1.48
|
(1.31 to 1.68)
|
1.46
|
(1.29 to 1.66)
|
1.23
|
(1.04 to 1.46)
|
Schooling |
⩾12 years of education | | | | | 1.0 | | 1.0 | | 1.0 | |
10 to 11.5 | | | | | 1.29 | (1.10 to 1.52) | 1.26 | (1.07 to 1.48) | 1.25 | (1.06 to 1.48) |
⩽9 | | | | | 1.90 | (1.57 to 2.31) | 1.75 | (1.43 to 2.13) | 1.72 | (1.41 to 2.09) |
Poverty status |
Not in relative poverty | | | | | 1.0 | | 1.0 | | 1.0 | |
Relative poverty | | | | | 1.77 | (1.45 to 2.15) | 1.64 | (1.35 to 2.00) | 1.61 | (1.31 to 1.96) |
Housing type |
1 or 2 family home | | | | | 1.0 | | | | 1.0 | |
3 or more apartments | | | | | 1.32 | (1.17 to 1.49) | | | 1.06 | (0.90 to 1.25) |
Need for renovation |
No renovation needed | | | | | 1.0 | | | | 1.0 | |
Renovation needed | | | | | 1.36 | (1.20 to 1.53) | | | 1.16 | (1.02 to 1.33) |
Household crowding |
Not crowded | | | | | 1.0 | | | | – | – |
Crowded | | | | | 1.10 | (0.96 to 1.27) | | | | |
Housing situation |
Lives with others | | | | | 1.0 | | | | 1.0 | |
Lives alone | | | | | 1.25 | (1.06 to 1.47) | | | 1.12 | (0.94 to 1.33) |
Distance to nearest city |
Near to city | | | | | 1.0 | | | | 1.0 | |
Far from city | | | | | 0.87 | (0.77 to 0.99) | | | 0.93 | (0.81 to 1.06) |
Pollution in neighbourhood |
Low pollution | | | | | 1.0 | | | | 1.0 | |
High pollution | | | | | 1.48 | (1.31 to 1.69) | | | 1.38 | (1.21 to 1.58) |
Relationship with neighbours |
Close with neighbours | | | | | 1.0 | | | | 1.0 | |
Distant with neighbours | | | | | 1.35 | (1.17 to 1.55) | | | 1.20 | (1.03 to 1.40) |
West or East Germany |
West Germany | | | | | 1.0 | | | | – | – |
East Germany | | | | | 0.97 | (0.85 to 1.12) | | | | |
Intercept* | −2.227 | (0.036) | −3.463 | (0.086) | ‡ | | −3.897 | (0.118) | −4.044 | (0.128) |
Random† | 2.446 | (0.143) | 1.133 | (0.098) | ‡ | | 1.041 | (0.099) | 1.045 | (0.101) |
Variance partition coefficient | 0.424 | | 0.256 | | ‡ | | 0.240 | | 0.241 | |
Cases in homes | 14055 | 7381 | 14054 | 7381 | ‡ | | 12880 | 6984 | 12472 | 6748 |