Distribution of 507 cases of acute myocardial infarction (AMI) and 478 controls, and corresponding odds ratios (OR) with 95% confidence intervals (CI), according to various measures of milk and diary product intake. Italy, 1995–99
| AMI | Controls | OR (95% CI)* | |
|---|---|---|---|
| *Estimates from multiple logistic regression models including terms for age, sex, education, body mass index, serum cholesterol, smoking, coffee, alcohol, vegetables, fruit, meat, calorie intake, physical activity, hyperlipidaemia, diabetes, hypertension, and family history of AMI in first degree relatives; †the sum does not add up to the total because of some missing values; ‡reference category. | |||
| Total milk (cups/week)† | |||
| 0 | 136 | 116 | 1‡ |
| >0 to 6 | 159 | 139 | 0.91 (0.62 to 1.34) |
| ≥7 | 211 | 223 | 0.78 (0.54 to 1.12) |
| χ2 trend | 1.88 (p=0.170) | ||
| Whole milk (cups/week)† | |||
| 0 | 330 | 297 | 1‡ |
| >0 to 6 | 117 | 115 | 0.92 (0.65 to 1.30) |
| ≥7 | 59 | 66 | 0.89 (0.57 to 1.38) |
| χ2 trend | 0.41 (p=0.522) | ||
| Semiskimmed milk (cups/week) | |||
| 0 | 257 | 236 | 1‡ |
| >0 to 6 | 105 | 90 | 0.97 (0.67 to 1.42) |
| ≥7 | 145 | 152 | 0.83 (0.59 to 1.16) |
| χ2 trend | 1.09 (p=0.296) | ||
| Yoghurt (portions/week) | |||
| 0 | 322 | 260 | 1‡ |
| >0 to 6 | 151 | 166 | 0.76 (0.55 to 1.05) |
| ≥7 | 34 | 52 | 0.55 (0.32 to 0.95) |
| χ2 trend | 5.91 (p=0.015) | ||
| Cheese (g/week) | |||
| <200 | 206 | 161 | 1‡ |
| 200 to 349 | 170 | 177 | 0.82 (0.59 to 1.14) |
| ≥350 | 131 | 140 | 0.77 (0.54 to 1.11) |
| χ2 trend | 2.04 (p=0.153) | ||
| Calcium (mg/day) | |||
| <800 | 183 | 150 | 1‡ |
| 800 to <1000 | 121 | 115 | 0.88 (0.59 to 1.31) |
| ≥1000 | 203 | 213 | 0.72 (0.49 to 1.07) |
| χ2 trend | 2.66 (p=0.103) | ||