Table 1

Mean (SD) at baseline, crude mean change, and adjusted mean difference in change* (95% confidence intervals) in mental and physical functioning

Mental functioningPhysical functioning
NoMean at baselineCrude change*Adjusted difference in changeMean at baselineCrude changeAdjusted difference in change*
*Mean adjusted difference in functioning change between those who continue to work (reference group = 0) and those who retire, adjusted for age in single years, duration of follow up, and baseline functioning. The crude mean difference in change can be obtained by subtracting the mean change of those who continue to work from those who had retired; for example, for mental functioning among men the crude difference in change is 1.56- (−0.88) = 2.44.
Men
    Working at baseline and follow up38053.32 (7.18)−0.88 (−1.68 to −0.09)053.24 (5.42)−1.79 (−2.46 to −1.12) 0
    Retirement between baseline and follow up26453.55 (6.44) 1.56 (0.80 to 2.32)3.16 (1.91 to 4.41)52.81 (5.10)−1.60 (−2.42 to −0.78) 0.32 (−0.91 to 1.54)
All64453.41 (6.88) 0.12 (−0.45 to 0.69)53.06 (5.29)−1.71 (−2.23 to −1.20)
Women
    Working at baseline and follow up23851.91 (9.11)−0.90 (−2.02 to 0.21)050.93 (7.95)−2.02 (−3.04 to −1.00) 0
    Retirement between baseline and follow up12852.65 (7.04) 1.06 (−0.28 to 2.40)2.12 (0.16 to 4.08)48.80 (8.30)−0.91 (−2.22 to 0.39)−0.06 (−1.89 to 1.76)
All36652.17 (8.44)−0.22 (−1.08 to 0.65)50.19 (8.13)−1.63 (−2.44 to −0.83)