Hazard ratios (95% confidence intervals) of myocardial infarction by smoking status at the second examination for the total study population (n=19423) and after exclusion of participants with self reported coronary heart disease at baseline (n=18263). Results from Cox’s proportional hazards regression analysis, with age as underlying time scale
| Unadjusted* | Adjusted for cardiovascular risk factors† | Fully adjusted model‡ | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Smoking habits | Total population | Self reported CHD at baseline excluded | Total population | Self reported CHD at baseline excluded | Total population | Self reported CHD at baseline excluded |
| *Cox regression model stratified by sex and adjusted for cohort of origin. | ||||||
| †Cox regression model, additionally controlling for diastolic and systolic blood pressure, and total and high density level cholesterol level. | ||||||
| ‡Multivariate analysis stratified by sex and adjusted for cohort, diastolic and systolic blood pressure (quintiles), total and high density level cholesterol (quintiles), body mass index (in four categories), education (in three categories), weekly alcohol consumption (in five categories), physical activity (sedentary, active), self reported diabetes (yes/no), inhalation habits (yes/no), and years as smokers (continuous). CHD, coronary heart disease. | ||||||
| Smoking category | ||||||
| Heavy smokers | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 |
| Quitters | 0.71 (0.59 to 0.85) | 0.68 (0.55 to 0.83) | 0.71 (0.59 to 0.85) | 0.67 (0.55 to 0.83) | 0.82 (0.64 to 1.03) | 0.85 (0.66 to 1.09) |
| Light smokers | 0.85 (0.75 to 0.97) | 0.80 (0.70 to 0.92) | 0.86 (0.76 to 0.98) | 0.81 (0.70 to 0.93) | 0.87 (0.75 to 1.00) | 0.83 (0.71 to 0.94) |
| Reducers (50%) | 1.14 (0.93 to 1.40) | 1.05 (0.84 to 1.31) | 1.15 (0.94 to 1.40) | 1.06 (0.84 to 1.32) | 1.17 (0.91 to 1.50) | 1.14 (0.88 to 1.48) |
| Reducers (33%) | 1.06 (0.91 to 1.23) | 1.03 (0.87 to 1.21) | 1.04 (0.89 to 1.21) | 1.01 (0.86 to 1.19) | 1.09 (0.91 to 1.30) | 1.08 (0.89 to 1.30) |