(a) Height (change (95% CI), p value per SD increase in height) | (b) Leg length (change (95% CI), p value per SD increase in leg length) | (c) Trunk length (change (95% CI), p value per SD increase in trunk length) | (d) Leg: trunk ratio (change (95% CI), p value per SD increase in ratio) | (e) FEV1 (change (95% CI), p value per SD increase in FEV1) | |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
*All confidence intervals are adjusted for intra-family clustering. | |||||
Cigarette smoking status | |||||
Men | |||||
Never/ex smoker | 1.00 | 1.00 | 1.00 | 1.00 | 1.00 |
Current smoker | 0.86 (0.74 to 0.99) | 1.00 (0.87 to 1.16) | 0.76 (0.66 to 0.87) | 1.23 (1.06 to 1.42) | 0.62 (0.52 to 0.74) |
p=0.04 | p=0.96 | p<0.001 | p=0.01 | p<0.001 | |
Women | |||||
Never/ex smoker | 1.00 | 1.00 | 1.00 | 1.00 | 1.00 |
Current smoker | 1.03 (0.91 to 1.18) | 1.10 (0.96 to 1.25) | 0.95 (0.84 to 1.08) | 1.14 (1.00 to 1.30) | 0.58 (0.50 to 0.68) |
p=0.63 | p=0.18 | p=0.44 | p=0.05 | p<0.001 | |
Own social class | |||||
Men | |||||
Non-manual | 1.00 | 1.00 | 1.00 | 1.00 | 1.00 |
Manual | 0.72 (0.63 to 0.82) | 0.80 (0.71 to 0.91) | 0.71 (0.61 to 0.81) | 1.04 (0.91 to 1.19) | 0.71 (0.62 to 0.83) |
p<0.001 | p=0.001 | p<0.001 | p=0.56 | p<0.001 | |
Women | |||||
Non-manual | 1.00 | 1.00 | 1.00 | 1.00 | 1.00 |
Manual | 0.82 (0.72 to 0.95) | 0.84 (0.73 to 0.96) | 0.87 (0.76 to 0.99) | 0.93 (0.81 to 1.06) | 0.78 (0.67 to 0.91) |
p=0.01 | p=0.01 | p=0.04 | p=0.28 | p=0.001 | |
Father's social class | |||||
Men | |||||
Non-manual | 1.00 | 1.00 | 1.00 | 1.00 | 1.00 |
Manual | 0.84 (0.72 to 0.97) | 0.89 (0.77 to 1.02) | 0.84 (0.72 to 0.97) | 1.01 (0.88 to 1.16) | 0.74 (0.63 to 0.87) |
p=0.02 | p=0.10 | p=0.02 | p=0.89 | p<0.001 | |
Women | |||||
Non-manual | 1.00 | 1.00 | 1.00 | 1.00 | 1.00 |
Manual | 0.83 (0.73 to 0.94) | 0.83 (0.73 to 0.95) | 0.88 (0.77 to 1.00) | 0.91 (0.79 to 1.04) | 0.77 (0.66 to 0.88) |
p=0.003 | p=0.01 | p=0.05 | p=0.15 | p<0.001 |