Upward and downward mobility between father’s and own adult social class at 43 years: mean obesity levels (95% confidence intervals) of socially mobile participants and those who remained in the same social class (using manual and non-manual categorisation of social class)
| Men | Women | |||
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Adult social class | Adult social class | |||
| Father’s social class | Non-manual | Manual | Non-manual | Manual |
| *Numbers are based on the model including waist-hip ratio and vary only slightly for the other obesity measures. | ||||
| Waist-hip ratio (%) | p⩽0.001 | p⩽0.001 | ||
| Non-manual | n=458* | n=106 | n=460 | n=135 |
| 92.5 (91.1 to 93.0) | 93.4 (92.2 to 94.6) | 79.6 (79.0 to 80.2) | 80.5 (79.4 to 81.6) | |
| Manual | n=384 | n=401 | n=414 | n=376 |
| 93.6 (93.0 to 94.3) | 94.9 (94.3 to 95.5) | 80.4 (79.8 to 81.1) | 81.9 (81.3 to 82.6) | |
| Waist-height ratio (%) | p⩽0.001 | p⩽0.001 | ||
| Non-manual | 54.8 (54.3 to 55.4) | 55.8 (54.6 to 56.9) | 50.9 (50.2 to 51.7) | 52.8 (51.4 to 54.2) |
| Manual | 56.5 (55.9 to 57.1) | 56.8 (56.3 to 57.4) | 53.4 (52.6 to 54.2) | 55.7 (54.9 to 56.5) |
| Waist circumference (cm) | p=0.048 | p⩽0.001 | ||
| Non-manual | 96.6 (95.6 to 97.6) | 97.3 (95.3 to 99.4) | 83.1 (81.9 to 84.2) | 85.2 (83.1 to 87.4) |
| Manual | 98.2 (97.1 to 99.3) | 98.5 (97.5 to 99.6) | 86.1 (84.8 to 87.3) | 89.0 (87.7 to 90.3) |
| Body mass index (kg/m2) | p⩽0.001 | p⩽0.001 | ||
| Non-manual | 26.8 (26.4 to 27.1) | 27.2 (26.4 to 27.9) | 26.1 (25.6 to 26.6) | 27.2 (26.3 to 28.1) |
| Manual | 27.9 (27.5 to 28.3) | 27.7 (27.3 to 28.1) | 27.7 (27.2 to 28.2) | 28.8 (28.3 to 29.4) |